- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram
Louhaw hi khovel mihingte nehhawlna masapen leh bulpatna ahi a, Khawvel a gam khangtou ichi Europe gam, America leh Japan te zong tudin muna adin nading un, louhaw in bul anapan uhi. Louhaw a abul anapat hoizieh un tuni tanin khawvel gam hausa leh sum leh pai lalut hoi pente ahi nalai hi.
Ei Zou te atamzaw (75%vel) singtang ateng leh singtang economic a kingah a, singtang louhou a nehhawlte akihi nalai hi. I singtang louhaw dan uhi Bu leibawl leh huan haichi eima neding khawp kitu in kum iki veisah uhi. I pu ipa apat singtang a bulei bawl ahausa aki thei kha nai sia, Bu hi ine pen uh ahizia in bulei bawl kan ingaitua sih ua, Bulei bawlten singtanglou a kumkhat khamding ahawkhiat thei uhleh lungkim kisah in sildang aki ngaitua nonsih a, mitamzaw ten kumkhat kham a houkhie zou sih ua, tuakhu isingtang economic khangtou theilouna leh nambang a izawnna bulpi ahihi.
Tulai khovel ah nasep, nahawlna leh bang bangkim a kitai demna asang mama in, koiman hun amaw khawmang maimai sia, nasem ten nasep a thasen dan kibang chiat ah aga alawthei bang pen mu sawm a, bawl ding ahoi kigen leh ahoi athei bangbang uh taima tah a bawl hunlai ahita hi. Tuazia in ei Zou ta singtang lou hou a nehawl ten zong ilou nasep a agim huai dan kibang chiat lah a aga lawzaw leh ikanatpi zaw lam ingaitua ua I bawl uh ahun ta hi.
SUM SUATHEI HAICHI (HAISUM/CASH CROPS):
I gam a singtang louhouten atangpi in bulei akibawl a, bulei bawl apat kumkhat ne khawm hawkhiet nadingin hun leh tha tampi akizang hi. Singtang louhou mitampi ten kumtawpa nasepgim man/ga muding neilou khawpin bulei bawl alawhsia, bulei bawlna a hun leh tha izahbei zatuh haichi dang bazara zuathei/sum suathei haichi (Cash Crops) lam bawlna hunin zang/mang talei tusangin nasatah in akikhangtou zawding hi. Singtang louhou tampiten bu/aan tang inehpen ahi chia bulei bawlkan I ngaituolou uhi I khantou leh masawn theilou na pen uh ahihi. I gam ah bulei bawl sanga lawzaw sum suothei haichi (Cash crop) tampi a um a, tuate ahileh: Siing, Vaimim, Mai, Anjang, Bohbuol, Malta, Tangmai, Bekan etc.te ahi.
Cash crops tehi bulei bawl bangin a lei a bawlin a zuoh hun chiengin mon/quintal 50/100 vel in, zuohkhie thei talei sum tampi mu/ lahlut theina ahizaw dinghi. Bu ineh pen uhleh ihinpi pen uh ahi a, hinanleh sum a lei thei ahiban ah leiding Bazar ah umzing ahiman in a sum a neitam nading ngaitua in buaipi zaw lei ahoi zaw ding hi. Tuazia in Isingtang louhou ten Haisum lam habawl lei eima khantou na ahi ding a, eima ikhantou leh igam inam akhangtou ahi mai hi.
Etsahnan: Haichi khat kg khat ah Rs.10/-man a zua thei khat poupou alei (farming) in bawlin, azuohhun chiengin quintal 20 (kg. 2000) vel zuohkhie thei talei. 1Kg = Rs.10. Kg. 2000 into Rs. 10 = Rs. 20000/-(singni) alahlut thei hi. Bulei bawl apat Rs. 20000/-man sep khiat nading ahasa mama hi. I Zou khokhat inn 20 in kumkhat a Rs. 20000/- chiet lalut taleh tuami khuo Economic kumkhat ah Rs.400000/- (lakh li)in a khangtou dinghi. kum 10 ah Rs.4000000/-(crore li) in Zougam Economic akhangtou ding hi. Khawvel a gam khangtou ichi USA, Russia, Japan, Germany te khankhietna bulpi pen ahileh, Agriculture and Farming anahi hi. Pasian namtel Isreal te khantou napen khat ahile agriculture and farming ahi hi. Ei mi Manipur leh Mizoram apat a Israel alut, atam zawte zong louna (farming) leh huon nasem in akilaw tangpi uhi.
Ei Zou ten zong Haisum (Cash Crops) lam a panla in lou leh huon (Agriculture and Farming) lam habawl in bawllei, Tuban kumsawm chiengin igam a eima nasep senglou ang umding a, Igam a nasem dingin midang/ gamdangmi igam ah ahinglut zutzut maiding hi. Tuachin tomloukal in Zougam hi khuaizu leh nawitui luanna gam ang hipai ding hi.
SIINGLEI BAWL:
Siing hi igam ah azahna umsih nanleh gamdangten haichi apoimaw pen uh khat ahi. Siing hi damdawi tuamtuam a kibawl leh Arab gama Mosolman ten a id (lungdam/festival) chieng ua a poimaw uh anahi hi.
Siinglei bawlhi I gam a haichi pieng laha lawhpen leh I gam a pata gamdang (state dang) a haichi I zuoh/thawtkhiet (export) thei uh um sun ahia, Siinglei hi igam a mi nautangte bawlthei pen khat zong ahi ding zong agingtat huoi hi. Siinglei bawl apat a hausa leh ding khie mitampi ana umta a, Mizoram state hi ei north east India a singlei habawlpen state ana hia, Siinglei bawl hi Mizoram state mi nautangte (singtanglamte) khankhietna pen zong ahi hi. Siing hi a man (rate) sanghun leh angiem hun nei ahia, hinanleh atangpi in a rate ngiem chiengin zong ase seng ahisih hi. Siinglei bawlhi sum tampi mu/lahlut (Income) theina leh hausat theina naipente laha khat ahia, a rate ngiem chiengin zong kg. ah Rs.5/6 lah ahipha, a rate a sang chieng in kg.ah Rs. 15/- lah atungpha thei hi.
Siinglei bawlhi ei Zoute ahoidan theilou I umding uh agingtat huai sia, hinanleh siinglei bawla khangkhia get leh mu ding akium nai sihi. Kumkhat ei Zouten siinglei akihawn bawla midawilawhten misiha a mu ut kichi bangin, vangsiat huoitah in aman tawm kum kituoh kha in, tuami apat koiman bawl akisawm nawn sih hi. Tuami kum apat ei Zouten siinglei bawl khat leh ni ki um nanlah atamzawten akihawn tawpsan ta hi. Unau Lusei leh Hmar ten kumchin in anabawl ua aman tawm hun um nanleh a man tam/sanghun chiengin nahpitah in alawhpi zel uhi. Hunhoimu nadinga hun hoilou tampi paltan/thuoh ngai chi ina theilou zieh un hunhoi muding tampi ei Zouten Ina taan zel uhi. Unau Hmar leh Luseiten siinglei bawlhi hausatna a aneithei uhleh ei Zou ten I hausatpi theilou nading uh aum tuomsih hi.
Siinglei bawlhi singtang loubawl dang sangin anopzaw in alawhzawh hi. Siinglei bawlten amanhoi chiengin kg. khat ah Rs.15/-25/-tanin zua thei ua, kumkhat ah quintal 100 vel lathei talei Rs.15 x 100=Rs.150000/-(lakh khat leh singnga) amuthei hi. Zou innkuan 30 in siinglei bawlin kumkhat ah siing quntal 100 chiat zua khia thei talei I zougam economic kumkhat ah Rs. 4500000/- (Lakh sawmli leh nga in akhangtou dinghi. Singlei bawl nading a I singtang gamlei ahoilou leh zong haichi itenna gamlei tawh kituia ding bawl mai ding ahi.
(3). SAPTHEI:
Sapthei hi igam a haichi bazam khat ahi a, ei zou ten sapthei hi zuading leh sum muna tham ching in ingai ngai sih ua, huanning leh daining khat a kizamsah in aga hun chiang in akine zel hi. Ine laitah in tui kisa nanleh a koiman etkawl leh ngaisah et in aki ensia, aga hun zawchiangin awlawl a vulsuh in agahunkia chiangin ang poutha zel hi.
Sapthei hi theiga tuitah leh hisel mama tahsah a vitamin tampi pethei ana hi a, Khawvel a nam khangtou ten ahoina thei in theiga lah a angaisang pen uh khat ana hihi.
Tumai in Manipur ah sapthei tui hena khawl (Factory) hing um in dakal khat a sapthei quntal 10 leh heguai man leh intermational supply thei ding a kibawl hi in akigen hi. Tuachia dakal khat a quntal 10 heguai man ahi leh nikhatin quntal 100 lah heguaiman ding a hisap ahi a, tuabang ahileh hakhat a aheguai ding hi quntal tampi angai hi.
(a). FACTORY(KHAWL):
Factory khat poupou a um ding chiang in a raw-material muthei nading mun ki en masa in agam climate(Lum leh vawt) tawh kitua na mun a kibawl pan hi. Factory khat a um chiang in a umna na a mitengten nasatah in akanatpi in a khawl enkawl ding leh nasemding in akhuo mite akila (employed) tangpi a, tuachin nasep neilou mitampi ten nasep aneipha uhi. Raw-material hi akhuo mipi te ading in azuana (market) a buai ngailou azua thei ngal ahizia in summuna hoitah sua in migenthei tampi ten nehawlna det aneipha un, a khuo economic nasa tah in akhangtou zel hi.
(b). SAPTHEI HUAN BAWL DAN DING:
Haichi lei bawl lah ah Sapthei lei bawl hi a awlsam pen ding in agingtat huai hi. Sapthei lei bawl ding ten singtang lei amun ding a hun isah chia vat siang a, Sapthei phung I deizat suan mai ding ahihi. Ang khangkhiat masang a azaam nading laang bawl a zamsah maiding ahihi. Tuabanchu aga law hun nga ahi mai a, aga hunkia chiang in ama in angmeng a azaamna a hingzam in ang ga kia mai hi.
(c). GUALZAWLNA SAPTHEI:
Manipur a sapthei factory um hi ei Zou tate ading in gualzawlna achin ding agingtat huai hi. Adia in singtang a teng a nagum sem theilou te ading in Sapthei lei bawl hi nehawlna ching chauh hilou in hausatna ching ahihi. Sapthei factory Manipur a ang um tazia in Sapthei leibawl te ading in azua nading umsa leh a rate itheisa uh ahi zia in Zou taten I huan emaw I loutuul a sapthei bawl a sum tampi mu sawmna chang ithei ding uh adei huai mama hi.
Agriculture and farming hi ei adding in siltha leh imu nailou sil zong ahi mai thei a, khpvel gam khangtouta(Devoloped country) te leh khang-laite khankhiatna pen ahihi. Eiten zong igam leihoina te izah kanat siam ua, haisum lam ihabawl uh leh hunsawt masang in nam khangtou ihi paiding uhi.
Louhaw hi khovel mihingte nehhawlna masapen leh bulpatna ahi a, Khawvel a gam khangtou ichi Europe gam, America leh Japan te zong tudin muna adin nading un, louhaw in bul anapan uhi. Louhaw a abul anapat hoizieh un tuni tanin khawvel gam hausa leh sum leh pai lalut hoi pente ahi nalai hi.
Ei Zou te atamzaw (75%vel) singtang ateng leh singtang economic a kingah a, singtang louhou a nehhawlte akihi nalai hi. I singtang louhaw dan uhi Bu leibawl leh huan haichi eima neding khawp kitu in kum iki veisah uhi. I pu ipa apat singtang a bulei bawl ahausa aki thei kha nai sia, Bu hi ine pen uh ahizia in bulei bawl kan ingaitua sih ua, Bulei bawlten singtanglou a kumkhat khamding ahawkhiat thei uhleh lungkim kisah in sildang aki ngaitua nonsih a, mitamzaw ten kumkhat kham a houkhie zou sih ua, tuakhu isingtang economic khangtou theilouna leh nambang a izawnna bulpi ahihi.
Tulai khovel ah nasep, nahawlna leh bang bangkim a kitai demna asang mama in, koiman hun amaw khawmang maimai sia, nasem ten nasep a thasen dan kibang chiat ah aga alawthei bang pen mu sawm a, bawl ding ahoi kigen leh ahoi athei bangbang uh taima tah a bawl hunlai ahita hi. Tuazia in ei Zou ta singtang lou hou a nehawl ten zong ilou nasep a agim huai dan kibang chiat lah a aga lawzaw leh ikanatpi zaw lam ingaitua ua I bawl uh ahun ta hi.
SUM SUATHEI HAICHI (HAISUM/CASH CROPS):
I gam a singtang louhouten atangpi in bulei akibawl a, bulei bawl apat kumkhat ne khawm hawkhiet nadingin hun leh tha tampi akizang hi. Singtang louhou mitampi ten kumtawpa nasepgim man/ga muding neilou khawpin bulei bawl alawhsia, bulei bawlna a hun leh tha izahbei zatuh haichi dang bazara zuathei/sum suathei haichi (Cash Crops) lam bawlna hunin zang/mang talei tusangin nasatah in akikhangtou zawding hi. Singtang louhou tampiten bu/aan tang inehpen ahi chia bulei bawlkan I ngaituolou uhi I khantou leh masawn theilou na pen uh ahihi. I gam ah bulei bawl sanga lawzaw sum suothei haichi (Cash crop) tampi a um a, tuate ahileh: Siing, Vaimim, Mai, Anjang, Bohbuol, Malta, Tangmai, Bekan etc.te ahi.
Cash crops tehi bulei bawl bangin a lei a bawlin a zuoh hun chiengin mon/quintal 50/100 vel in, zuohkhie thei talei sum tampi mu/ lahlut theina ahizaw dinghi. Bu ineh pen uhleh ihinpi pen uh ahi a, hinanleh sum a lei thei ahiban ah leiding Bazar ah umzing ahiman in a sum a neitam nading ngaitua in buaipi zaw lei ahoi zaw ding hi. Tuazia in Isingtang louhou ten Haisum lam habawl lei eima khantou na ahi ding a, eima ikhantou leh igam inam akhangtou ahi mai hi.
Etsahnan: Haichi khat kg khat ah Rs.10/-man a zua thei khat poupou alei (farming) in bawlin, azuohhun chiengin quintal 20 (kg. 2000) vel zuohkhie thei talei. 1Kg = Rs.10. Kg. 2000 into Rs. 10 = Rs. 20000/-(singni) alahlut thei hi. Bulei bawl apat Rs. 20000/-man sep khiat nading ahasa mama hi. I Zou khokhat inn 20 in kumkhat a Rs. 20000/- chiet lalut taleh tuami khuo Economic kumkhat ah Rs.400000/- (lakh li)in a khangtou dinghi. kum 10 ah Rs.4000000/-(crore li) in Zougam Economic akhangtou ding hi. Khawvel a gam khangtou ichi USA, Russia, Japan, Germany te khankhietna bulpi pen ahileh, Agriculture and Farming anahi hi. Pasian namtel Isreal te khantou napen khat ahile agriculture and farming ahi hi. Ei mi Manipur leh Mizoram apat a Israel alut, atam zawte zong louna (farming) leh huon nasem in akilaw tangpi uhi.
Ei Zou ten zong Haisum (Cash Crops) lam a panla in lou leh huon (Agriculture and Farming) lam habawl in bawllei, Tuban kumsawm chiengin igam a eima nasep senglou ang umding a, Igam a nasem dingin midang/ gamdangmi igam ah ahinglut zutzut maiding hi. Tuachin tomloukal in Zougam hi khuaizu leh nawitui luanna gam ang hipai ding hi.
SIINGLEI BAWL:
Siing hi igam ah azahna umsih nanleh gamdangten haichi apoimaw pen uh khat ahi. Siing hi damdawi tuamtuam a kibawl leh Arab gama Mosolman ten a id (lungdam/festival) chieng ua a poimaw uh anahi hi.
Siinglei bawlhi I gam a haichi pieng laha lawhpen leh I gam a pata gamdang (state dang) a haichi I zuoh/thawtkhiet (export) thei uh um sun ahia, Siinglei hi igam a mi nautangte bawlthei pen khat zong ahi ding zong agingtat huoi hi. Siinglei bawl apat a hausa leh ding khie mitampi ana umta a, Mizoram state hi ei north east India a singlei habawlpen state ana hia, Siinglei bawl hi Mizoram state mi nautangte (singtanglamte) khankhietna pen zong ahi hi. Siing hi a man (rate) sanghun leh angiem hun nei ahia, hinanleh atangpi in a rate ngiem chiengin zong ase seng ahisih hi. Siinglei bawlhi sum tampi mu/lahlut (Income) theina leh hausat theina naipente laha khat ahia, a rate ngiem chiengin zong kg. ah Rs.5/6 lah ahipha, a rate a sang chieng in kg.ah Rs. 15/- lah atungpha thei hi.
Siinglei bawlhi ei Zoute ahoidan theilou I umding uh agingtat huai sia, hinanleh siinglei bawla khangkhia get leh mu ding akium nai sihi. Kumkhat ei Zouten siinglei akihawn bawla midawilawhten misiha a mu ut kichi bangin, vangsiat huoitah in aman tawm kum kituoh kha in, tuami apat koiman bawl akisawm nawn sih hi. Tuami kum apat ei Zouten siinglei bawl khat leh ni ki um nanlah atamzawten akihawn tawpsan ta hi. Unau Lusei leh Hmar ten kumchin in anabawl ua aman tawm hun um nanleh a man tam/sanghun chiengin nahpitah in alawhpi zel uhi. Hunhoimu nadinga hun hoilou tampi paltan/thuoh ngai chi ina theilou zieh un hunhoi muding tampi ei Zouten Ina taan zel uhi. Unau Hmar leh Luseiten siinglei bawlhi hausatna a aneithei uhleh ei Zou ten I hausatpi theilou nading uh aum tuomsih hi.
Siinglei bawlhi singtang loubawl dang sangin anopzaw in alawhzawh hi. Siinglei bawlten amanhoi chiengin kg. khat ah Rs.15/-25/-tanin zua thei ua, kumkhat ah quintal 100 vel lathei talei Rs.15 x 100=Rs.150000/-(lakh khat leh singnga) amuthei hi. Zou innkuan 30 in siinglei bawlin kumkhat ah siing quntal 100 chiat zua khia thei talei I zougam economic kumkhat ah Rs. 4500000/- (Lakh sawmli leh nga in akhangtou dinghi. Singlei bawl nading a I singtang gamlei ahoilou leh zong haichi itenna gamlei tawh kituia ding bawl mai ding ahi.
(3). SAPTHEI:
Sapthei hi igam a haichi bazam khat ahi a, ei zou ten sapthei hi zuading leh sum muna tham ching in ingai ngai sih ua, huanning leh daining khat a kizamsah in aga hun chiang in akine zel hi. Ine laitah in tui kisa nanleh a koiman etkawl leh ngaisah et in aki ensia, aga hun zawchiangin awlawl a vulsuh in agahunkia chiangin ang poutha zel hi.
Sapthei hi theiga tuitah leh hisel mama tahsah a vitamin tampi pethei ana hi a, Khawvel a nam khangtou ten ahoina thei in theiga lah a angaisang pen uh khat ana hihi.
Tumai in Manipur ah sapthei tui hena khawl (Factory) hing um in dakal khat a sapthei quntal 10 leh heguai man leh intermational supply thei ding a kibawl hi in akigen hi. Tuachia dakal khat a quntal 10 heguai man ahi leh nikhatin quntal 100 lah heguaiman ding a hisap ahi a, tuabang ahileh hakhat a aheguai ding hi quntal tampi angai hi.
(a). FACTORY(KHAWL):
Factory khat poupou a um ding chiang in a raw-material muthei nading mun ki en masa in agam climate(Lum leh vawt) tawh kitua na mun a kibawl pan hi. Factory khat a um chiang in a umna na a mitengten nasatah in akanatpi in a khawl enkawl ding leh nasemding in akhuo mite akila (employed) tangpi a, tuachin nasep neilou mitampi ten nasep aneipha uhi. Raw-material hi akhuo mipi te ading in azuana (market) a buai ngailou azua thei ngal ahizia in summuna hoitah sua in migenthei tampi ten nehawlna det aneipha un, a khuo economic nasa tah in akhangtou zel hi.
(b). SAPTHEI HUAN BAWL DAN DING:
Haichi lei bawl lah ah Sapthei lei bawl hi a awlsam pen ding in agingtat huai hi. Sapthei lei bawl ding ten singtang lei amun ding a hun isah chia vat siang a, Sapthei phung I deizat suan mai ding ahihi. Ang khangkhiat masang a azaam nading laang bawl a zamsah maiding ahihi. Tuabanchu aga law hun nga ahi mai a, aga hunkia chiang in ama in angmeng a azaamna a hingzam in ang ga kia mai hi.
(c). GUALZAWLNA SAPTHEI:
Manipur a sapthei factory um hi ei Zou tate ading in gualzawlna achin ding agingtat huai hi. Adia in singtang a teng a nagum sem theilou te ading in Sapthei lei bawl hi nehawlna ching chauh hilou in hausatna ching ahihi. Sapthei factory Manipur a ang um tazia in Sapthei leibawl te ading in azua nading umsa leh a rate itheisa uh ahi zia in Zou taten I huan emaw I loutuul a sapthei bawl a sum tampi mu sawmna chang ithei ding uh adei huai mama hi.
Agriculture and farming hi ei adding in siltha leh imu nailou sil zong ahi mai thei a, khpvel gam khangtouta(Devoloped country) te leh khang-laite khankhiatna pen ahihi. Eiten zong igam leihoina te izah kanat siam ua, haisum lam ihabawl uh leh hunsawt masang in nam khangtou ihi paiding uhi.
No comments:
Post a Comment