Mizoram Election leh Mizo People Forum(MPF) Malahna

Mizoram hi NE India a state neupen leh mihing tawmna pen hi in, Mizoram sung a mihing tengzat hi 10lakh val giap in tukum 2008,2 december a MLA election ah Voter mi lakh gup lah vel chauh a um in, Vote kikhiezat hi 80%-90% kikal ahihi. Tutung Election ah Party lian thum Viz, Indian National Congress(INC), Mizo National Front(MNF) leh Zoram National Party(ZNP) leh Mizo Peaple Conference(MPC) Pangkhawm in United Democratic Alience(UDA) te kidemna hiin angai thei a, Local Party neu tuamtuam leh Independent candidate ban ah National Party Bharat Janata Party(BJP) leh Lok Jan Shakti Party(LJP) in Candidate siam nanleh gettham leh kilang tham a vote muhoi koima a um sihi. Election Polling boot chin ah Electorial Voting Machine(EVM) kizang in Ballot Paper Tripura a refugee camp a umte adding in aki zang hi. Vote khiat nading in Voter ID cart akizang hi. Tutung Mizoram election siangthou tah leh hamuangtah a mipiten vote akikhiat theizia hi Mizoram leh Mizo mipite adding a hoi leh phatuam ding Central Young Mizo Association(C YMA) te leh Mizo Peaple Forum(MPC) te malana ahihi. Election um ding kum ahizia in leh election masa a HPC Area a MLA chingzoulou ding akigingta pawlten MLA candidate gumang (Kidnap) Drama a bawl zia ua buaina anei dan te uh leh ZRA te MNF party adding a Campaign um a thuthang a um zia in CYMA in tuabang umlou nading a panla in Manipur leh Nagaland a helpawlte va kimupi in Mizoram election a state dang helte kigawlthei ding a agingtatte uh kigawl louding in ava kihaulimpi uhi. Mizoram hi Cristian state hinanleh MNF solkal sung in Corruption ahagit mama a, Corruption abeithei nading in Hattuam lian Synod in panla in Mizo Peaple Forum(MPF) ang phut khie ua, Mizoram a corruption tam/nasat zia hi MLA candidate ten election lai a asumsente uh mukit(Recover) nading a Corruption ahi uh chi ngaidan nei in MPF ten election rule bawl in mipite kung ah ngetna leh thusia asiam uhi. MPF in election rule dinga mipite kung a apuangkhiat te ahile:

1. MLA candidate ten mipite kung a vote lei nading a sum hawmlou ding.
2. Mipiten Candidate sum hawm leh vote leite hi gam leh nam melma ahiban ah gam leh nam ngaina hilou uh ahi chi thei a koiman vote pia lou ding.
3. Election hunsung leh azaw hun tan a Party min a ann kuang lui leh ann nekhawmna nei koiman neilou ding.
4. Candidate te campaign a innchin alut a vote hawl lou ding, MPF vaisaina a candidate teng adding a common plateform abawl uh tawh lungkim ding.
5. Koima party in khopi leh singtang sunga hamgitna (Mike/Any loud speaker) election compaign hunsung ah zah lou ding.

Tambanga MPF malana leh thusuate hi mipite leh party candidate chinten gam leh nam adding a hoi leh phatuam ahizia in apalzam ngam sih uhi. Tuachia MPF in gam leh nam a dinga pan ahingla chiang in vengchin leh khochinten ama uh khua leh veng min in local forum a peisah in MPF thusua teng ban a ama uh veng leh khua dinmun tawh kitua in ma ana latou chiat in Mizoram ah MPF dankal leh palzam umlou in election fel leh hamuangtahin a zouthei uhi. MPF te malana leh kalsuanna in state pulam ah Mizote leh Mizoram minphatna pia in, state sung ah feltah leh hamuangtah in election anei thei uhi. Tutung Mizoram MLA election MPF malana leh kal suanna lawchinna thugu ahileh ;

1. MPF min in abul apat pen in Mizo mipite akhaikhawm in gakhawmsa ngal a, tuaban ah Christian ahina un kithumantua na leh silhoi deina mipiten anei dan uh kilangsah in gam leh nam sil ahizia in koima thusie leh thukhiel bawl aumlou sih uhi.
2. MPF lamkaite hi Mizoram hattuam lianpen Synod lamkaite ahizia in Khosung vengsung a MPF/Local forum mi leh sa te hi hattuam upa lamte te ahitangpi ua, Hattuam/ Sakhuami hinanleh uh gam leh nam sil ah kikang koilou in amapui leh asemtam in apangzel uhi. Tutung Mizoram election a MPF malana lawchin nabulpi zong khua leh vengsung upa lamte kihapei zia ahi tangpi hi.
3. Mizo mipiten nam ngainat leh puanatna aneilien mama ua, ama uh nam lou ngaitheilou tea hi ua, nam min a sil kibawl khat poupou a um chiang in nam deidan kal a gamta te hi nam melma ahi chikhum in ahawn bawp zel uhi. Tuabang a nam min a adingngam na un thusie bawldingte alausah zia in MPF malana sawisel tu hi ding koiman a deisih uhi.

Mizoram election a hamuangtah leh buaina leh hasatna umlou a Mipiten Vote akhiat theina tungtang ah MPF leh YMA in dan leh thupia kenkawh lam ah emaw mipi control sawm emaw a kalsuamna leh kipei naseng lanei uh pinpoint agetding a umsia, MPF leh CYMA thusua abawl pen uh Khua leh vengsung a MPF leh YMA chin in hoitah a ana bawzui zia uh ahizaw hi.
Kum 2008, Dec 2ah Mizoram election a kumdang a sil um ngailou leh kibawl ngailou chini a um a, tuate ahi leh Mizo Peaple Forum te malana leh Indian National Congress(INC) in constituency 40 lah MLA seat 32 in MNF seat 4, UDA seat 4 chau alathei dan uh ahihi. Mizoram ruling partyMizo National Front(MNF) Minister teng kia in Chief Minister Pu.Zotamthanga zong Constuiancy ni ah dingin ani in akie/Ching zoulou sih hi. Tutung Mizoram election a Pu. Lal Thanhawla lamkai nanuai a congress in seat 32 tah ala thei zia hidinga gingtat huaitampi um nanleh akilang sangdeute ahile

1. Pu. Lal tahanhawla: Mizoram Congress President Pu.Lal thanhawla in a tern masa a mipi lamkai ahina bang a mipi na aseplou dan leh kum10 val Chief Minister ahizia a alungsim a chapouna leh kithupisah na anei a mipi ama mu utte ana ngai poimawlou dante kimukhie a Pasian leh mipite kung a ngaidam angetzia a Pasian in akisiena angaidamna hi in mipiten akingai hi. Lungsim akisiete tungah Pasian kipa hi.
2. New Land Used Policy(NLUP): NLUP hi Congress party in aterm masa a migentheite khaikan nading a policy ana bawlsa uh ahi a, Hinanleh term masa alawchin louna atamzia in NLUP amasang sang a hoizaw a hing suanglum/thuamtha kit in Migentheite dopkang/ khaikang nading in NLUP programme ah singtang leh khopi sunga migentheite kung a Rs. 1 Lakh(Lakh khat) chiat a hawmding a atangkou/campaign un khopi sung leh singtanglam vote tampi ahuilut hi.
3. Mifel leh Pasian theimi Candidate: Pu. Lal thanhawla in term masa a abawlkhielte kisie a Pasian leh mipi mai a ngaidam aget ban ah MLA Candidate dingte Pasian theimi mifel leh migin um te atel(Select) zia uh ahi.
4. Manifesto: Mizoram ah election ding chiang in political party chinin Solkalna atan chiang ua gam leh mipite mipite adding asilbawl/nasep dingte uhleh a maladan ding te uh Manifesto siam in mipite vote amu thei nading un kizua nan azang ua, Party manifesto mipiten adei pen uh vote in a telching uhi. Tutung election a congress manifest tamzaw hi mipite deidan ahizia in MLA 32 tah anei thei uhi.
5. Corruption: Mizoram a MNF kum 10 a solkal sung in corruption nasa mama a, Central solkal in India gam pumpi ah corruption abeithei nading leh mipiten solkal nasepdan leh sumzah dan adeibang a amu thei nading a dan asiam Right to Information act.2005(RTI) dan zah thei ahi apat MNF solkal nuai ah sum zah dihlouna tampi media ten leh NGO tuamtuam ten amu khiat te uh mipite theiding a apuangza zia in Mipiten corruption adeilou dan uh akilahsah zia uh ahihi.
6. Deeds not Words: MNF party in solkalna atang masang ua mipite kung a siltampi ana chiam ua, tuate lah akilang pen khat ahileh Chakma District Council phelphel khiat(Desolve) leh sildang tampi ana chiamte uh MNF solkal in apichinsua khatbe a um sia, Pu. Zoramthanga’n solkalna atan uhleh Masawnna atawmin akitawm ding chia ana get leh khantou nading agette mipiten ngala tah leh mitmul sauzen a aki etlai in masawnna leh khantou atah muding aumlou a umsih hi. Tuazia in Mizo mipiten kama thuget siam a, atah a nasemlou solkal leh lamkai te sangin Lungsim kisia atah a gam leh nam adding a nasem ding kichite adeizaw zia ahi.
7. Royal Family; MNF solkal sungin solkal na/khaam(Job) him him hi solkal dan pangai a la umlou in Minister leh Party workerte innkuan leh lainate kideisahna in adim a, Asiam leh aching tampi aum lai a aching zoulou melthei nei hoizia a khaammu mitampi aum zia in Mipiten MNF Solkal aninggawp mama uhi.
8. Role of Media: Mizoram ah tu kum 10 sung in Media lam ah akhangtou mama ua, gam leh nam siamtha leh khantou nading a media te poimawna theikom in Mizoram media ten tutung MLA kitelna a Congress solkalna ding in lampi liantah in ahong uh achi thei hi. Mizoram a Electronic leh Print media ten Mizoram khantouna ding a poimawna leh mawpuana sangtah anei uh kithei in media ten theitawp sua in Solkal malana leh kalsuanna ahoi leh hoilou bangkim mipiten media apat akithei zungzung hi. solkal in ana sep hoilou te phualgu leh kam a getfel sawm nanleh mipiten thudih media tea pat ana kitheiman zel hi. Tutung election a Mizoram a electronic media lianpen leh Local TV Chennel entu ngapen Laidailova Pachuau and Sons(LPS) Vision malana hi athupi mama a, LPS TV in Political leaderte debate nei nading in Common Plate form buatsai in live in asua a, tuana MNF President leh Chief minister Pu. Zoramthanga akilahlou(Absence) zia in Congress in asan pha mama hi.

Tam atung a point te hi tutung Mizoram MLA election a Congress in seat 80% ala zia leh MNF party kiat niam nazia hiding a kigingta akilang deu te ahihi.

(Editorial Comment: Ei Zou ten I vaihawmna innpi a ineiuh United Zou Organization(UZO) President election ding chiangin UZO President Candidate ten bangzia a UZO President candidate sawm uh ahi uai? Bangtan in Gam leh nam angai poimaw uai? UZO President chingta leh uh Bangchi bang in gam leh nam adingin mala asawm uai? UZO executive lam apat dawh na um henla gam leh nam adding a amala leh kalsuan sawm dan te uh, mipite khangtou nading a policy aneite uh mipite theidingin hing puangkhie thei leh uh mipiten ahoina leh ahoilouna akithei ding hi. Tambang a UZO President election chianga candidate ten mipite te theiding a thupuan leh malanading aneilou zia un tu dinmun a ding nalai ihi uhi. I Zou sung a UZO leh MLA election unkia chiang in candidate ten Policy leh Manifesto aneite uh mipi in athei nading in lamkai leh vaisai ten mal hing uh leh adei huai in gam leh nam in zong akhangtoupi ngeiding agingtat huai mama hi).

ZU (WINE)

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Zu ahileh khovel upat bang a upa, milian mineu in adu mama khat mama tuilah tui pen leh adawnte hindan kidang lamsah thei ahi. Mihing te hindan a danglamna lientah pethei zu ahizieh in, zudawn tampiten a sietpi thei uh ahi hi. Zu hi khovel mihing um na ah a umzel a, Gam leh mual, chi leh nam khentuom neilou umsun Zu ahi hi.

Zu hi mitampite dawn utleh tuisah pen khat ahizieh in, apoimawna (demand) asang in mitampi ten sum muna leh hausatnan a nei uhi.

Ei Zoute zong ipu ipa a pat a zu leh sa ne nam ina hi ua,zu hi I nam culture a bet leh gualnop leh poi bawl chiang in zu kite in lamtang ana kai zel uhi. Innlengte zu kisuo in, nasep gin seng chiang un zu neukhatkhat a nadawn zel uhi. Hinanleh ipu ipaten zune/zudawn zia in nasep leh asingtang lou nasep uh ana thul ngai sih uhi. Ipu ipate zune lai in khangtha nunga tangval ten zu ana dawn ngai sih uhi.

Zu hi adu leh adulou nam khovel ah a um tuam sia, nam pil leh khangkang ten zong zu adawn ua, khawvel a nam mawlpen ten zong ama uh dawn ding siem/bawl dan akithei chiet uhi. Gam leh Nam missim atam leh zudawn atam a, missim tawmte zudawn atawm hi. Nam changkang deuten adu changkang ua, nam changkanglou deu ten adu niem uhi. Tuazia Zou te zu du leh zu hai nam bang a kingaina nei Zou leh zu kikhen theilou banga kigen khu adih sih hi. I Nam mishing a zudawn zat leh midangte simding hilei Zou te zudawn napi tah in aki tawmzaw tham hi. Zou te Zudu leh zuhai banga ikilah na uh khat ahileh zudawn dawn dan leh zu dawn/khamdan siamlou itam zia uh ahizaw hi.

ZU DAWN HOILOUNA:

Zu hi a dawnmi te ading in asang a tuizaw umlou bang ahia, hinanleh Zudawn hi a hoina sang in a hoilouna nasahtah in a tam zaw hi. Nu leh pa leh Hattuam in zu hoilounate a theizia a ana kham uh ahizieh in, zu dawnlou himhim hi Eima mimal, Khuo/veng sung, Society leh Nama dingin ahoipen hi. Zudawn hoilou nate ahileh

1. Zu dawn hi mizawngte ading in zawn belapna ahi hi:

Zu in mikhen tuom a neisia, mihau mizawng kung ah kiphal leh kisuanglaloutahin a zintung zela, amapen aai nei ahi zieh in mi zawng zu dute a aai tawh manin a sum leh pai nei sunsun teng ane beisah zel hi. Tuazia in mizawng zu dute ading in zu hizawn kibelap na ahi.

2. Zu in Nupa kihauna leh nupa kal ah kikhenna a tungsah thei hi;

Zu in koima nupakal ki itna leh limna athei khasia, innsung a papen in zu ang dawn seng chiang in innsung hin ang hasa a, innkuan sum (budget) a buoi zel hi. Tuachiin nupa kaal ah kinielna um in nupa ki khenna ahing tun zel hi.

3. Zu hi dinmun sang apat dinmun niampen tan a hing kainiemtu ahi:

Pasal khua/veng sung a kiza/za um pangai khat in zu khawllou a ang dawndawn chiang in a innsung ang hahsa a, Atawp ah aji atate mikung a khutdaw leh ne ding ngen lou theilou in a umsahthei hi. Mikung a silnget leh khutdaw sang a dinmun niemzaw a um nawn sih hi.

4. Zu in mihingte a thasesah hi:

Zu dawn hi anophun sungin nop naleh anop hun atawm mama a, zan lam a zu dawn chiang in zingkal thaw ahasa akisa tangpi hi Zingkal thaw chiengin tha azawi in nasep leh silbawl ding a huphul huai mama hi. Tha ang zawi chiang in nasep loudan ding aki ngaitua a ,nasem lou khu mithasie aki hizel hi.

5. Zu in nam khantou nading a dal hi:

Zu dawn mi ading in kining chin a um thei sia, a summu sun sunte zu man a azah zaw zel zieh un a innsung a khangtou thei hi. Tualeh minei leh hausaten zong zu a hadawn chieng un khantou nalam a ngai sah sih uhi. Tuachia innsung khangtou lou akitam a nam khantou na ding ngaisah aki umlou chiangin nam a khangtou theisihi.

6. Zu hi shi hunlou a shina hing tuntu ahi.

Zu dawnten a ut hunhun a atawpsan theilou zia un zungawlvei asua ua, tuachin atahsa un ang zawlou chieng in awl awl in natna tuomtuomte nei in silzau huoi tah shi hunlou a shina hingtun zel hi. Zu dawnten zungawl avei chieng un zu dawnlou in a umthei sih ua, a zukham uh a theng chieng in adawn ut zel ua, tuachia khawllou a ang dawn dawn chiang un atahsa un zounanleh a tuap (Lungs) in zoulou in tuachin a hunlou in a shi zel uhi.

7. Zu hattuom melma ahi:

Hattuom ichihi I Christian society enkawltu leh humbit tute ahi ua, Hattuam siltup hi mimal leh society siangthouna ahi a, Zu in mimal, khua/veng, Hattuom, society leh nam tan a mihingte asuh buaidante thei in ana khap hi. Tualeh Zu hi setan vanzah hoi mama khat ahiban ah Pasian thu tawh ziat leh vei bang akihal ahizia in hattuam melma lienpen khat anahi hi.

9. Zu khangtha te hinkhua Susie tu ahi:

Zu hi khangdawngte adding in damsung asiatna, lungkhamna leh mangbatna ban a shina kuakhu apuilut tu ahi. Khangthya tampi ten akum pichin masang a zu adawn chiang un atahsa uh lum in ashisan uh ahingsang a, amasang a abawl ngam lou leh zumhuai asah te uh ngamna hing nei in zu adu tou zel ua, tua chia zu a dawn adawn chiang un nasep leh silbawl lam a kithatdana lian tah hing nei in, hinkhua leh maban ding ngai poimaw na anei tawm deudeu uhi. Tuachin hinkhua siamtha hun leh laisimna te ngai nep in ang pichin chiang un nasep leh nehawlna mumal neilou in hinkhua genthei tah in amang uhi.

ZU LEH NAM ECONOMIC:

Zu hi ei Christian te ading in sual/gitlouna bulpi leh Pasian leh hattuam te deilou mama ahi a, hinanleh khangtouna leh economic masawnna mit a et in zu in hoina leh phat tuamna tampi mihingte apia hi. Zu hi khawvel mihingte sil dupen khat ahizia zu dawn te adding in siltui tah leh apoimaw mama uh ahizia in zu zua leh zu huan ten adding in sum muna hoi tah ahihi.

Zu hoilou dan hi khawvel gam thupileh gam khangtou ten ana thei zia un,khap anasawm zelzel ua hinanleh khawvel sawrkal hatpen United States of America(USA) nasan zawng zukhap ana lawsam hi.Zu hi khap sangin phalna apia chiang un,agam economic nasatah in a khangtou zawzel hi.

India gam sung state tampi in zukhapna in order ana suazel ua hinanleh koima state a lawching thei tuan sihi.Kumkhat Madhya Pradesh sawrkal in a state sung ah zu khapna ordser asua a,hinanleh a state economic nasatah in akeniam a, Mi singval in factory a anasep uh atan/lost ua,Gari(truck)sangval tainading neilou in ading maimai a Dukandar/zudawr tampi in a sundawnna uh kha zia in state sawrkal in order asut kia tahi.

Khovel a mi tampi te adding a zu zia a hinkhua siatna leh gentheina a tua lai un mitampi ten Zu hi hausatna leh kining china anei in mitampi ten ahausat pi uhi. Tuazia in Zu hi adawn siamlou leh kisum the3ilou te adding in siatna hinanleh akisumthei a lungsim neite adding in khankhiatna ahi thei hi.

Ei Zousung ah zong zu zua leh zuhuan a nehawl tampi aki um a, zu zua leh zuhuan a nehawl te hi atangpi in mizawng leh genthei nasep leh bawl thei dang neilou zia a nemu nading abawl te ahi uhi. Tuachia Zu zua leh zu huan a nehawl ten theiding apoimaw mama khat ahileh zu zua leh zu huan a minsie ta vanglah kahi leh chi a habawla bawla hausat leh dingkhiatpi sawm a bawl mai ding ahi. Etsahnan: Zu huan leh zu zua a nehawl khat in tuachia habawl aangbawl a sum humkhawp neitang e achi chiang in tawpsan in nehawl nadang ngaitua taleh hunsawtlou kal in ang khangtou paiding hi. Tuachia ang hausat a ang khangkhiat chiang in koiman tuapa zu ahaukhia chi in ava kigen nonsia agen aum leh zong abawl nonlou zia in koiman amusit thei nontuan sihi. Tuabang a lungsim neitah a zu huan te adding in Zu hi hausatna leh khangtouna ahi mai hi.

(Zu huan leh Zuzua ahoihi china lam ahisia zuzua leh zuhuan a nehawlte adding a silhoi ahikha lametna ahizaw hi.)

KHANGTHA HUNHOI LAI(GOLDEN YOUTH)

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Khangtha lai hi damsung a hunhoi lai pen leh hun poimaw lai ahi a, khangtha lai in lungsim vantang a sang in, Tup lehbawl nalam a koima dal zawlou khop in akipei thei a, bangkim kizil thei in sil undan leh peidan aki man/thei zung zung hi. Khangtha lai lunglutna leh thanop nalam ah sina in zong a dal zawlou khawp a khautah leh tupna liantah akinei a, khangtha tampiten khangtha lunggulna khauhdan thua zoulou in sina atualaw zel uhi. Tuazia in khangtha ten a khangtha lai hunman dan uah a pilvang mama uh angai hi. Tambang hun ah khangtha ten bawlding phasah pen ngaitua kiana (Second thought) neilou in apei nalamlam ah tangtah in apeizel ua, hinkhua lampi dih zuikhaten lawchinna liantah mu in milian leh mithupi tahtah asua thei ua, azuikhiel khaten pumpel theilou damsung gentheina leh sina tan atua zel uhi. Tuabang a khangtha lai a lampi dih zui khate milian leh mi thupi asua theizia un khangtha lai hun hi SANA KHANG (GOLDEN YOUTH) ana ki chi ahi.

Zou khangthate lah a khangtha hunhoi zangsiam a hinkhuo pilvangtah a zang tampi aki umlai in, Khangthalai hunhoi zahdan siamlou leh pilvang zoulou a bangmalou a a sana khang beisah maimai akitamzaw zia in mimal , gam leh nam bang in aki khangtou thei sihi. Khangtha hunhoi lai zang siamlou tehi khenkhatte nulehpa thuhil ding nei mumallou a mani ngaituana ahoipen bang apom leh koima thuhoi thupha hilding neilou ziate, akhente kichang kangsah sawma thuhoi thupha pal zamte, A khen khangtha hunhoi lai anopthei bang pena zah sawm a mani nopsah nalam chauh ngaitua ziate a hinkhua lampi zuikhial te ahi tangpi hi. Khangtha hunhoi zangkhielte hi angpichin a, innsung mawpuona a liang ua angki ngah chiang un gentheina leh zawmna in hinkhua a zang uhi.chilou naban a neichi ua, tuate zia in nam akhangtou ding bang in akhangtou theisihi.

KHANGTHA HUNHOILAI ZAHSIAM DAN:

Gam leh nam khangtou leh masawn a mimal lawchin nadingin khangtha hunhoilai zahsiam angai mama a, Khangtha hunhoilai zahsiamna in hinkho nopna leh ji leh ta nei chianga kining chingna ahihi. Namkhat sunga khangtha hunhoilai zang siam angtam a, mi kining ching angtam chiang in gam leh nam khantou leh changkang akipan hi. Namkhang tou theilou kichite hi nam sung a khangtha hunhoilai zang siamlou atamzia ahi tangpi hi.
Eite Zou tezong nam changkang leh khangtou ihithei nading un khangthaten a khangtha hunhoi lai uh zahdan asiam uh angai a, Khangtha hunhoi zang siamte hi nuleh pa puagih dawn zangkhaitu ahiban ah, khosung veng sung ami poimaw leh kizangte ahing hi ua, gam leh nam adding amisuam huai, mipi hamuantu leh mapui te ahing hi thei uhi. Tuiazia in Zou sunga khangtha ten akhangtha lai hunhoi te uh azah siam thei nading un nu leh pa, khosung/ vengsung mite leh gam leh nam lamkaiten khangtha te hinkhua leh madan ding ngaipoimaw pen anei a khangtha mapui theiding leh ettawn thei ding lekhabu leh kithuna lam atam thei bang pen ngaitua ding ahihi. Tualeh khangtha ten zong a khanglai hunhoi uh ahoitheipen leh akana thei pen a zah asawm ua, kisiamtha ngaite akisiam tha a, tupna nei mumallou ten tupna kisiamtawm a misua pi hamham sawm ding ahihi.

1. Siamzil hun: Khangtha hunhoi lai hi bangkim a masawnna, silzilna hunhoi lai ahizia in khanglai ten ahunhoilai uh azahsiam uh apoimaw mama hi. Khangthalai a lekhasimna lam a tupna anei hoi hi lawchin na bulpi ahidan thei a Zou khangtha lekhasim ten a lekhasim nalam a theitopsua officer lian khat hisawm teitei nading a tupna kisiam tawm ding ahi. Lekhasimlou ten zong hinkhuo lamsau zuidingte ihi uhdan kithei in, beidawng leh kithatda mailou a khutsiam silkhat poupou (Ama uh thanopna lampang/ alemtang dan azilin) zil pichin sawm teitei ding ahi. Tuachia khangtha hunhoi lai a tupna anei ten apichin chiang un gual engna leh hinkhua hasatna neilou in aum thei uhi.

2.Hindan kizil ngai: Khangtha hunhoi laihi bangkim zilna hun ahi a, Zou khangtha ten tami hunhoi hi khosung vengsung a hindan leh changkan dan te kizilna hun ahi chithei in kizilnan zangtheilei a dei huai mama hi. Mihing hinkhuo ah kizilding tampi a um a tuate ahile sanga upate za siamdante, khangualte lah umdan hamdante, hamkam zah pilvang dante, kamteng siang/feltah a zah dante kizil angai hi. Bia inn kai leh kikhopte hi hinkhuo lampi dih zuina hoitah ahizia in ngaipoimaw ding ahihi. Nungah tangvalten eima ma chauh khuallou a inam khangtou nadinga bang e ka bawlthei ding chi ngaitua ding ahi. Etsahnan:Nungah leh tangval ten I sang a naupang zaw leh dawngzaw te tung a nun nem dante, naupang tung a zaidam dante, sang a upate zaa dan siamte Kum upa lamte duat siamdante kizil angai mama hi. Tualeh I nam khangtoulou na kilah nakhat ahileh Upa te kamkha/Hamsie zah ahia, khangtha lamten I khap/ kham ua, tulai hun a tuabang kamkha zah te sil zum huai ahidan te hil ding ahi.

3.Tawmngaina: Khangtha hun hi I hatlai hun ahizieh in Tambang hun hoi a tawmngaina a tam theibang pen a zah sawm ding ahi a, Tawmngaina hi mite kung a aman mukit leh lam etna neilou a panpina leh kipana I pieh thei pen ahi hi. Tawmngaina hun zahnate ahileh shi leh manna, Nopni leh dani, Khosung veng sung a hahsatna leh buoina tuoh chieng in leh khosung/veng sung natang leh panpi ngaite panpi nate hi I tawmngaina kilahsah thei hunlai ahi hi. Tambang hun a Tawmngaina sua hi melthei neitamna leh mite ngaisan lawna eima adding agualzawlna lampi hawnna ahichi thei a khangtha hunhoilai a tawmngaina atamthei bangpen akilah sah sawm diing ahihi.

4.Etlawmna leh mitla (Good looking/attractive): Khangtha nunga tangval lai a kideipen ahileh melhoi leh etlawmna ahia, Melhoina hi Pasian siam azia in angaisan huai in adei huai mama hi. Khangtha lai a nelhoi hi gualzawlna khat ahi achi thei a, melhoite hi ate akhang leh naupangtan in aki en ut in etnop akisa tangpi hi. Hinanleh melhoi hi michinteng kung apia ahilou zia in amelhoilou deute ading in zong kingaisiatna ding leh beidon nading ahisi hi.

Khangthalai a etlawmna hi melhoi leh hoilou lampang sang in pian siam leh piannal a tahsa hoizia ahizaw hi. Atangpi in melhoi piannallou sang in melhoi senglou a piannalte aki en ut in munop akisa zaw a, koipou in zana akipe zaw hi. Khangtha lai a piannal leh thahoi te adding in kipana/limna abukimsah zawhi. Mi piannal kichite hi thahoi leh kifit a ompheng(Chest)lian leh thagap leh sa kikhai(slim) deu, khawng geng leh sapan lamdeu, tawkhal tahhoi te ahi tangpi hi. Piannal ichipen Pasian pia thou hinanleh eima a ki siamthei ahia, piannal leh thahoi a etlawm hinading in ki sumthei na, kikep singthouna a exercise la apoimaw mama hi. Tep leh nuam, khamthei tuam tuam zu leh damdawite leh nungat tangvalna(Sex) lam a kisum(Control) thei angai hi. Piannal a kifit nading in kum 18 chin masang sual/gitlou/silhoilou lam himhim bawllou ahoi pen hi.

ZOUGAM & EDUCATION (LAISIMNA)

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Education hi khovel mihingte adinga khangtou leh masawnna hoipen ahi a, Mizawng te ading a khantouna leh gualphana hoipen leh mihausa te ding a kicheina ahihi. Mimawlte adding a pilna leh theitamna, Mipilte ding a pil ki belapna ahihi. Lekhasiam leh siamlou kikhiat dan ahi leh mittaw leh mitva bang ahi chiin lekhasiam poimaw dan ana kigen hi.

Sap thupil in “Education is all round development” (Laisim hi bangkim a masawnna ahi) ana chi hi. Lekhasiam ten khovel kiheidan thei in lehkha simlou te sang in changkan na leh masawnna anei zaw uhi. Tuaban ah lekhasim hi khovel mihingte kitai demna pen ahi in pilna kipatna zong ahihi. lekhasiam hoina leh kanatdan kam in kigensiam sih nanleh lekhasiamte khoheidan leh hindan a pat lekhasiam hoina te mu in, kinepna leh lam etna liantah nei in I Zou nu leh pa ten nei sunsun in tate school ikaisah uhi. Ka tapa/tanu laisiam in office khat ang hi a halaw ang la chiang in keizong kahasatna teng mang hil navang chi in NU leh pa tampi ten atate laisim pichin hun ngalatah in agaldawt zing ua, nu leh pa kinepna bang a laisim a lawchinna mu mitampi te adding a laisim khang kilehna nopsatna ahilai Sang naupang tamzaw ten nuleh pa kineppi na bang tung zoulou in a um uhi. I Nampi a ikitaidemna ten uh laisim nalam ah atangpi in za ah nga(5%) in zong aki law ching zou sih ua, tua khu nam bang a I khantou theilouna pen uh ahihi. Tate laisim nading in ahau azawng in sum tampi kum chin in aki seng a, atangpi in Zou te neival leh neval neilou a neisunsun tate laisim nading a zangte ihizia un inampi economy akhantou thei sihi. Tate laisimna ding a sum inkuan khat in kum sawm sung a aseng teng Business bawlna in kizang ta leh inam uh napi tah in aki khangtou zawding hi.

Tambang a Zou tate lekhasimna lam a I lawsap na zia uh tampi a um a, tuate ahileh:

1. Nu leh pa ten tate etkawl siamlou zieh: I Zou nuleh pa tampi ten tate sum neisun sun leh neilou sasain school a kaisah ua, tate school kai ding a hoitah a inn a pat akuonkhiet pou uleh lungdam kisa in school ah a bang chi um ei, bangchin lekha asim ei, a class uah bang dinmun ah a ding pha ei, chi ngaisahlou in a um uhi. Tambang a tate school kai ngaisah lou te hi huan a haichi itu a i haichitu angpou a pat ngaisah lou tawh kibang ahi. Nu leh pa in tate laisim leh simlou angai sa lou chiang un School naupang khenkhat ten lekhasim hi atung ua nulehpa te mawpuana leh a bawl teitei ding bang a ngaidan nei in a lekhasim ngaisah sih uhi.

2. Nulehpa leh tate kikal : Nu leh pa leh tate kikal a kingainatna leh kizawpna (good relation) hoi umhi naupangte khangkhiat nading a poimaw pen ahi a, Inam sung ah nu leh pa leh tate kikal a kizopna hoi neilou innkuan tampi aki um hi. Tua bang kizopna hoi a umlou na innsungah nuleh pa leh taten lekhasim poimawna leh phattuomna kikup leh loulimna a anei sih ua, taten laisim poima na leh ahoina tahtah theisiam phalou in pichin huin ngana khat bang in angai thei uhi.

3. kingahna chinglou: Sang naupang khenkhat lekhasim pailoudeuh ten lekhasim pailouzia a lekhasim tawpsan a sildang sum law nading kingahna chinglou leh nehawlna tahtah chinglou, ji leh ta tawm/enkawlna chinglou lungsim kingahna leh kinep pi a inei in lekha sim atawpsan zel uhi.

4. Lamkaite: Sang naupang tampiten insung a nulehpate thuhilna leh hantawhna thu zangailou leh mani nu leh pa thugen thusim lou aki um zeuzeu a, tuabang naupang kilung phengsah ten anu leh pa te thuhilna sang in kholai a amingaisang leh mi khen khatte houlim na in along sim uh nasatah in ahei dang lam thei hi. Tuabang mi te thuhoi thupha za dinga lamkaiten mipi kikhawpna leh houlimna a laisim hoina lam aget ngailou chiang in leh mipi vantang kihoulimna niam zia in mitampi in siatna lampi azui zel uhi.

Lekhasiam hi bangkim a khantouna leh changkanna ahibang in alampi zong zui ahasa mama a, naupangten laisim nalam a panpi tu ding a poimaw laitah ua panpi tu amulou chiang un laisim a thasietlaw thei uhi. Tuazia in Tate lekhasimna a alawchin nading un nuleh pa ten mawpuana liantah anei uhi.

Zou ten Education a tusanga lawchinna hoizaw leh ma isawnzaw nading un anuai abang a Sangnaupangte, nu leh paleh Lamkaiten pan ila uh angai hi.

1. Tate lungtang a tupna chi tu ding: I Zou nu lehpa ten tate lekhasim nading a bang zia a sum tampi seng a school kaisah ihi uai, bang tupna e inei uh chi tate thuhil gige ding ahi. I siltup leh ngimte, school fee a sum I sentam dan te, kham nei a officerte ang hi chiang ua anopsat dan ding te, Lekhasiemlou te nasepgim dante houlim pi gige a, taten laisim nalam a tupna tahtah anei theinading uh ngaitua zing a alungtang ua tudet sawm tinten ding ahi. Tate hun awl leh houlim chiang a laisim a thanop theina dinglam ua houlim pi in tate mi piching in a siam thei hi

2. Khosung,Veng sung houlimna zieh: Mihing te social animal ihi a khosung vengsung houlim naten mimal hindan nasatah in ahei danglam thei hi. Khosung vengsung houlimna te hi nau pangten ana ngaikhe zing ua. Innsung a nu lehpa thuhilna za ngai senglou naupang tamten amingaisang leh zaa deute uh thugen banga um asawm tangpi uhi. Tuaziain khawsung vengsung nunga tangval te houlim leh ki chiam nui tanpha in naupang te tung ah effect liantah anei thei hi chi thei in, Tambang houlimna ah mipil misiam leh mi lawchingte umdante leh lawchinna thugu houlim tamthei lei eima leh khanglai sangnaupangte ading in tupna liantah angpe thei ding hi.

3. Pawl lamkaite: Lekhasim lam a nam bang a lawchinna ding in khosung leh vengsung lamkaiten poimaw na liantah anei ua, lamkai kichi khat thugen hi mitampi ten aki ngaikhie zing in mitampi te bil ah agingzing thei hi.

Tuazia in Lamkai khat pou pou pawlpi sung chau a kithutah sah lou a, khahei leh gamtat dan bangkim a lamkai ching ahidan akisah zing sawm ding ahi. Lamkaiten nam khantou nading a sangnaupangte poimaw dante, lekhasim hoidante, hapan dan dingte leh I namin lekhasiem a poimawdante houlimna leh ki khopna (function) lah a gentam angaqi mama hi. Tambang a lamkaiten sangnaupangteleh mipi ading a thuhoi thupha aget tam chiang un, Naupang mani nuleh pa apat thuhilna hoi zangailou leh khenkhat nu lehpa thuhilna sang a khawlai a a thuza te un a bil uh a vutzaw thei a akhenten lamkaite tea pan athuza ten tupna sangtah anei sah thei hi. lamkaite hi mi tangpi tung a vaihawmte ahina bang un koipou in akiza in akingaisang tangpi a, Naupang kholai a kimawl maimai khat in zong athugen uh ana chiamte thei uh ahi chi thei a Sangnaupangte ading a thuhoi thupha aget tam uh angai hi.

Education hi mite adding in khangtouna bulpi ahia, ne leh ta nei leh lam a hasatna neilou te adding in education khantouna pen ahi hi. Hinanleh eite nei leh lam bangma neilou zing an nita ann neding toh buai nalaite ihizia un secondary devolopement ana hihi. Education hi mite adding a khantou leh masawn a hausatna ahilai in mitampi te education a lawching zoulou te adding in kine tum thei nakhat ahizia in nu leh pa ten tate laisimna lam a theitawp suah angai a, tate laisim sung tou pi paiding khawp anu leh pa te angpang chiang in laisim sang naupang te hi nasah ta in laisim lam a a masawnpi un akanatpi mama uhi.

MIMAL KHANTOU THEINA TUAMTUAM TE

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Ipu ipa ten khang kile nading in kumkua(9Year) angai chi in thupil ana nei ua, thuami khiana/umzia ahileh mi khat in kikhual tah leh tah matah a na ing sep chiang in atawm pen in kum 9/10 lah alut tangpi ana china uh ahi hi. Hinanleh khangtha te lah ah kum 9 getlou damsung a nasem a hausatna melmu khalou a sih ding tampi aki um ding agintat huai hi. Azia ahileh igam a nasep hoi leh lawzaw umte sepdan isiamlou zia uh leh ingaituana uh azah siamlou zia uh ahi tangpi hi.

Tuazia in eite zong gam leh nam bang a nikhatni chiang a ing khantou a gual iphana ding un tulai khangtha tea pat nasep leh nehawlna lam a panla angai hi. Khangtha ten anunga tangval lai ua pat a nasepdan ang thei ua, taima t6ah a ama uh khawm a na angsep chiang un ji leh ta anei masang un sum bangzat ekhat ana kikhawl man ua, tuachin ji leh ta angnei chiang un nasep leh nehawlna det nei in sum leh pai a hasatna tampi a pumpel thei uhi. Tuabang a nungat tangval lai a nasep kizumpi leh nu leh pa te neisa ne a ki changkang sah te atamzaw in ji leh ta ang nei chiang un netawm ding hawl in na asem ua, hinanleh anetumding a umta zia in dinkhiatna ding khawm sepkhiat a hasata hi..

KHOPI SUNG TANGVALTE:

Khopi sung tangval nasep leh bawlpen neilou aki changkang sah tah a nulehpa sepsa ne a nulehpa kung a pocket money ngen a lekha sim pailou mitampi aki um a, tangval thasia nasem peiloute hi Zougam economic khantou theilou nakhat ahi uhi. Tambang tangval te hi nulepaten tate etkawl siemlou dan kilah na khat zong ahi. Nu leh pa ten tate school akai peilou uhleh inn a umsah maimai lou in ji leh ta anei chiang ua aji atate a chawm thei nading un nasep silbawl khat neisah teitei sawmding ahi. Etsahnan: Tangval khat school kai peilou a school atawp san leh zi leh ta anei chieng ua azi a tate chawm theina ding nasep sil bawl khat khutsiem lam akizil uh angai hi. Tangval khenkhat nasep sawmlou a nu leh pa tung a akingah in a um maimai ua, ji leh ta angnei ua innsung mawpuana a liang ua ang kingah chiang un a ut ada un amasang a bangma a angailou leh amusitte uh a sep uh a ngai hun a hing tung zel hi. Tuabang hun ahing tung chiang in kisia nan uhleh a nasep ding uh ataisan thei nonsih ua, damsung a dingkhe zoulou leh hausatna mukha lou in a um zel uhi. Tambang mi inam sung a akitam chiang in nam a khangtou theisihi. Tuazia in Zou tangval/nunga lekhasimlou ten maw um maimai sawmlou in, khut nasep emaw silzil khat nei teitei sawm ding ahihi.

Zougam tangval nasep neiloua um maimai ten tu a um maimai uhi dachieng a genthei nading ahi chi theia khopisunga khutsiem na khat nei teitei sawm ding ahi. Igam a khutsiem zilthei te hi. (a) Tailoring (b) Carpentry (c) Motor machanic (d) Electronic leh (e) Driver (f) Cement mistry etc. Tam atunga khutsiam ziltheite hi kumni kumthum a siamthei leh law(Salary) mu theina leh eima a kidoudel theinate ahi hi. Etsahnan: Tailoring zil khat in kumni kumthum a zil chieng in ama in tailoring/dawr khat akihawng thei a, Asiam leh amasawn dan a zil in midang nasem ding a goibe(employed) thei hi. Tailoring bawl a hausa eimi muding um sih nanleh midang (meiteite) ettawn ding tampi a um ua, tuate kung a kizil dan ding ngaitua ding ahi.

(1). Carpenter (Mistry): Carpenter hi bangchi lai pou a nehhawlna ching leh hausatna ching ahi a, Carpenter hi azil a zil siem thei leh mitaima deute a ding a sawt zil ngailou a kumni kum thum a siempai thei ahi a, khangtha te adingin zil ahoi mama hi. Tulai Carpenter te hi thagum a nasep aum seng nonsia, amasang a thagum a abawl te uh electric khawl toh akibawl ta a, tha gim naseng ding aum non sihi. Khovel changkang zel ah mite hausa deu deu in insung sil (furniture) lam anal/hoi thei bangpen akidei ta a, Carpenter siem te a ding in nasep ding mulou chi a um nawn sih hi.

(2). Electronic: Electronic hi khutsiemna leh lungsim a ngaitua na sentam na ahi a, electronic siem hi tulai khawvel a nehhawlna hoitah ahi hi. Radio.Tape recorders, TV, Video etc.te hi tulai in inchin ah aki nei chiatta a, asiat chiang in michin siamthei maimai ahilou zia in a siemte kizuanin sum tampi pi a mu zel uhi.

(3). Motor machanic: Motor machanic hi mitampi te adia in lekhasim peilouten a zil tangpi ua, a zil lai in hasa in pei huaisih nanleh ang siam ua ama ua motor work shopte ang bawl thei chiang un sum tampi amu zel uhi. Tuachia motor work-shopte ang hong chiangun imilesa tampi anuai ua kilawding hing um in, mitampi ta adingin nemuna leh jilehta chawmna ahing hithei hi.

(4). Drivers: Tulai ei Zou khangthate motor driver aki tampan ta a, Driver hi ji leh tate chawnna hoitah ahi hi. Eilah a motor driver apat a gari nei a ki um panta a, tu a driver te nasem ten zawng lungsim nei a kikawl siama mani a gari ngei ngtei sawm ding ahi. Tualeh midang driver/gari heh ut ten tu a driver hisa te zui a ama ua pat akizil siem sawm ding ahi hi.

Driver leh siamna zil ut ten thei ding ahileh mikhat (Nasep neisa khat) zui a imi zuipa thumang dan kizil masat a, asuoh bang a va um angai masa a, a bawlding teng bawl a gari nuai a lut angai leh kei valut vang/kei hingbawl vang chi a, ni leh puon sawp ngai a um leh kei hing sawp vang chi a kipezou tah a panding ahia, a hithei tan a ipute/Driverte bawl taang bawla ama/imi zuipa awlsah hamham ding ahi. Tuachia kipha niamtah a bul ivapat chiang in koiman ang ningin ang huothei sia ang lungsiat zaw uhi.

Tualeh Driver leh nasepdet neisa ten kami kasa bang chin ka panpi thei diei chi a, imi isate musit lou a isiambang leh ibawl bang siamsah sawm a mikhat sua hamham ding ahi.

(5). Tailoiring(Puankhui): Tailoiring hi kumkhat kumni sung a siamtah a zilsuah thei ahi a, Tailoring(Puankhui) zilte hi a zilsiam chiang un azil namun uah Puankhui in akilaw thei ngal ua, asiam dan a zil in nikhat ah Rs. 300/400 man lah akhui man uhi. Tailoiring zilsiamten a ut uhleh ama a Tailoiring store aki hawn thei a, a utleh a zil na mun a kilaw den thei ahihi.

Tailaoiring hi igam a nehawlna ching leh hausatna ching ahia, Eimi Pasal puankhui a nehawl leh dawr nei getding a umnai sia, numei khat leh ni puamkhui zil leh mi kung akilaw aki um pan ta hi. Igam a puankhui imu tampen te uhi meiteite ahi a, I nam sung a pasal tawka teng leh kamish silteng khui hi meitei te ahihi. Eimi puankhui a dawr nei ki um in eimi puan khui ding neiteng in kidawr chiatleh amapa adding in hausatna aching mama ding hi.

Tam atung a khutsiam na tuamtuam te atangin kumni kum thum sung a zil siam thei tea hi a, Kumsiam zil ten ataimat ua along lut uhleh azil sawt masang un apu te um halaw anasep dan tawh kitua in ape paizel uhi. Tua zia in Zougam tangval lekha zil lou a um mai mai ten atung akhutsiam nasep thei tuam tuam khat zil siam tei tei sawm ding ahihi.

Zou mipiten itheiding ua poimaw khat ahileh silbawl leh nasep ding khat inei emaw sil ilei emaw chiang in ahitan in eimi chi ham ham thei lei adei huai mama a, tuabang a ikichi hamham thei chiang un khat leh khat iki kanatpi tua chiat ding ua, khantou na ing nei pai ding uhi.

SIEMZILNA BULPAT DANDING:

Pasal khat ihileh I nasepding leh ithanopma lam eima kihawl thei dinga ngai akihi a, Hinanleh mihing hindan kibanglou leh mizum thei leh miki suongla a mi maingallou/maingap neilou mi tampi aki um hi. Tuabang mi hi a inasep ut leh thanuam lam te kihawl ngamlou ihileh nu leh pate kunga isep utlam geta ama uh vagetsah ding ahi hi. Nu leh paten zong tate lekha sima officer ang hiding uh ideipen hinanleh, tate lekhasim atuiseng lou ua apichin zoulou ding a itheileh sildang atuina lam uh doh a ( Taten Lekha asimlou leh khutsiam khata zil teitei ding ahi chi nu leh pate ngaidan/peidan leh thutawp/thupuona ahi ding ahi) a thanopna pen pen uh a zilthei nading ngaituapi a, azilna mun a vagetpi a bul vapat piding ahi. Tuachia nu leh paten bul tate nasepna abul avapatpi chiengin hamuong tah in taten na a semthei un, a zil piching thei uhi. Tualeh nu leh pa ten bul vapatpi zaw chienga anasep ah bang a chi um ei, Apute toh aki tuohna uai? chi doh a tate ngaisah gige a, a zilpi ching na ding a hil/fui gige ding ahi. Tuabang tate nasepna bul va patpi a ngaitua zui zel hi NU/PA khat hina bang a mawpua na leh Tate itna kilahsah na hoipen ahihi. Nu leh pa ten tate khut nasep asepsah uhi ahunlai in kiphin in utsih nanleh uh ji leh ta ang neichiang un ahoidan ang thei pan ding uhi( Nu leh pa khenkhat in tate it leh lungsiat kisa a bangma abawl sah sawmlou pen tate itdan dihlou leh genthei na khu a tate puilutna ahizaw hi).

Nu/Pa zumthei leh mimaingal lou ten zong melthei te khat chiel a ama uhtoh vaget mai ding ahi hi. Nu/Pa ten tate silhoi bawl ding a kalsuan leh mapui hi tate aitna uh kilahna ahiban a nu leh pa khat ahina bang ua amaw pua na uh ahi a, tate thanopna lam a hunhoi kipelsahlou ham ham ding ahi.

Tangval ten zong pasal khat kahileh kanasep ding keiman kaki ngaitua ding chi a paching/lungsim piching tah a ngaisut a ji leh ta nei chiang a nehawlna ding ahoi isa pen khat sep thei nading a thei tawp sua ding ahia, tualeh pasal khat hina bang a inasep leh I silbawlna lam a kinou sah/ kingesah loua anop ahasa thua paupau ding ahi. Tuabang hasatna apat lawchinna hi a hum(sweet) mama hi.

Nunga tangval mi nuai a nasem ten ithei ding ua poimaw te ahile:

1. Midang kung a nasemding leh siemzildinga um kahi chi kitheia I nasepna a itung a(sanga senior) te simmaw leh musitna kamteng te zaada seng lou ding ahi.( Ei Manipur ah nasemte hi kimusitna leh asimloizaw leh junior zaw te tung a kamteng zah akha(Bitter) thei mama a, tuabang kamteng te hi thuazaw dante kizil tel ding ahihi)

2. Nulehpa kung a um hilou ihidan kithei a hasatnate thuoh paupau ding ahi.

3. Pu(Master)te zaa(Respect/izat) pia siam a maipha hawl dan siem sawma, pute houpi mun sawm ding ahi.

4. Nikhatni chieng in keizong keima a kading khiat hun a umding china lungsim a koi gige ding ahi.

5. Thudih a tah pan zing a pute houpi ding lau seng loua, I siemlou na a pute doh ki suonglalou ding ahi.

6. Inasep leh I silzil ngai poimaw pen a I nasep subuoithei silte lah apat kihep khiet sawm ding ahi.

7. Sum leh pai a gin um na hi bangkim a law china ahi chi thei a mihing sawlna leh sum tung tang a gin um gige ding.

Tam atung a bang a nasep zilna a taimatah a pang teiteite ading in lawchinna a um ngeiding hi. Nasep khat pou pou hi nasem kichi thei na ding leh mimu lai chau a sepsawmlou a, ne hawlna tahtah anei a zi leh ta chawm a gual englou akoi thei nading khawp a siam sawm ding ahihi. Tualeh I sil zil lamlam a eima a kitoudel leh dingkhiat thei nading khawp a zilsiam teitei sawm ding ahihi.

SIPAI (ARM FORCE):

Sipai hi masang laia pat a ipu ipaten khangkilena hoipen a anagen uh ahi a, Ipu ipa hun lai in India sipai alut ana hasat mama in Burma sepai ana del tangpi ua, hunchikhat apat in India sipai anakidel in tunitan in India sipai hi singtang leh khopi tangval te del pen ahi nalai hi.

Ei Zou sung ah sipai mitampi ki um in sipai officer lian tahtah numei leh pasal aki um ta hi. Ei Zou sung a sipai pangte hi neleh ta a kiningching leh hin nop pawl ahi ua, tu dinmun in zong sipai pension te hi khosung/veng sung a mikhosa thei leh hausa pawl aki hinalai hi. Tutung a central 5th leh 6th pay commission a um nua in sipai law nasahtah in apungbe nalai hi. Sipai te hi India Government theipi pha leh India humbit tute ahizia un angaisan huai in adei huai mama a, Singtang tangval tampi adamsung a Phaipi(Imphal khopi) pel lou ding a I ngaite sipai alut chiang un India State teng tuan in agam mu lam ah central solkal nasem te muphalou na tampi ava mu uh hi. Sipai pangten hamphatna tuamtuam mu in civil tangval te addingin a en huai mama uhi.

Sipai ten ne leh ta, sil leh ten leh bangkim a thawn a adawn/mu uhi a hoina mama khat ahi a, Azin leh valeh na uh Bus leh Rail tuanman tan in a free nalai hi. A sipai pan sung ua alaw uh a khawl siam uhleh a pension chiang un hausa tah in inn ahing tung thei ua, Hoitah a sipai apension uhleh India sipai agin tah a sem ahizia un sawrkal nasep tuamtuam ah deisah na tang in alut kia thei uhi. Sipai duty na a vangsiat thu a shina atua uh leh alu/ luang man uh a innkua te adding a hausatna ching solkal in pen alai. A pension halaw hachin a ala ban uah Ration Card anei ua tuami tawh sipai canteen(Sipai dawr) ah sil man tawm tahtah a lei thei in sipai Zu tan in a dawng pha nalai uhi.

Tulai in Sipai a lut/pan hi sil awlsam ahi nawn sia, sipai a lut nading in sum tampi sun leh asap te houpi thei minei angai hi. Sumneilou a milian melthei neilou te ading in sipai pan hi sil hitheilou toh akibang ta hi. Ei Zou tangval sumlehpai neiloute ading in sepai pan hi kinep huoilou abang ta hi. Hinanleh sumneilou sipai pang ut te ading in lampi hoitah khat aum a, tua khu tahsa hoi (Physical fitness) nei ding ahi hi.

Zou khangtha sepai pang utten exercise leh physical fitness(tahsa hoi nading a thala) lam hi ngai poimaw ding ahi. Exercise ingla chiang in ithate hing kibe in I piante nal in mimit akila thei a, eima hin zong nop in masawnna tampi aki nei thei hi. Physical fitness nading a zu leh khamthei lam bawllou/kisum angai a, tuabang kisumlou te hi sipai aching thei sih uhi. Tuazia in tangval sipai pang ut a sum neilou ten Sipai sapte mitla a angdei nading ua Physical attractive nei sawm a fitness habawl a bawl ding ahihi. Ei Manipur a sipai lading a angpei chiang un sum ala ua, Mizoram leh Shillong vel a sum aki la ngai sia fitness aki en pen hi.

Tualeh Laisimna(Education qualification) ah atangpi in sipai hi pawl giat(Class X) apat atung lam kila ahizia in Laisim nalam hi ngai poimaw ham ham ding ahi. Ahithei leh Lekhasiam pawl 10 apat atunglam sim/zil ten innsung hin hasa deuten sipailam hi maw musit mailou a pan/lut sawm zaw ding ahihi. Tangval khenkhat a lekha siamna Qualification kimaw letsah pi a officer tun nading tan lai sim pailou ten akum upat masang a physical fitness lam a panla a sipai lam a kihei maiding ahi uhi.

Zougam nuleh pa ten tate din mun en in laisim lam a peihoi ding a igingtat loute hi sipai pan athanop nading un sipai hoi nate getpi tam in sipai pan sah sawm teitei lei adei huai a, tuabang a tate sipai a lut thei nading ua sum sun angai chi thei a sum hakhawl a khawl sawm ding ahihi. Adia in Singtang lam te adding in Gam khawi hi sum muna hoi ten ahi thei in tate ma khualna tawh Aa leh Voh khawi a sum hawl mai ding ahihi.

LEKHASIEM NASEP NEILOU:

Lekhasiem nasep neilou(Educated unemployment) hi khawvel solkal tuamtuamte buoipi penkhat ahia, ei Zou sungah zong lekhasiemna neilou akitam pan ta hi. I Zou Lekhasiam nasep neilou tehi amin a lekhasim leh nasep leh kham munading khawm a simpailou leh tupna tahtah neilou a, hina (qualification) deizia a lekhasimte ahitangpi uhi. A pawlpi/ class mate te theina tan theipha kisa thoungal, a deiuh sawrkal naseplah muzou tuonlou nasep danghawl dinga ching kisalouleh sepkhiet bangma neilou, Khutnasep kizumpi a, um thasie talahlaw, midangte banga changkang tah a hin utngal, innsung hindana mipha a deidei neithei hilou nalai. Sum dawnna lam bawldinga lah sumpi ding neilou ban ah a silbawl ut uh sang le tupna sangsah te ahi uhi.
Tambang lekhasiem nasep neiloute adingin business leh enter prises lam a kihei a hoipen hi. Business leh enterprises hi lekhasiem te bawldinga kilawm pen ahi a, Lekhasiem leh zilsangte ahizieh un sil peidan leh umdan leh bawldan bangkim a theisiem uhi. Business leh enterprises te hi migam a dingin sum dawnna neu hinanleh, eigam adingin kitoudelna leh hausatna ching ahiziehin lekhasiem nasep neilouten, bangma bawlloua changkangtah a umsang ua abawl theilam khat a bulpat mai hi ahoi pen hi. I gama lekhasiam nasep neiloute bawltheite ahileh

1. Business leh enterprises: Dawrkaileh sum dawnna tuamtuam te hi midangte bawllou bangma a um nawnsia, mibawl bang bawl a lawchin sawmding ahihi. Business leh dawrkaitehi correspondence apat bawl thei tampi um hi. Etsahnan: Hardware store, Motor parts stores, shoes store leh adangdangte hi agent/distributor througha material kila ahi zia in, lekhasiemlou te sangin lekhasiemte adingin bawl anopzaw hi.

2. Hotel Manager: Hotel I chite hi nehawlna hoitah ahi a khawpi sung a nehawlna ngaisang leh deihuai penkhat ahihi. I gam ah zawng hotel bawlthei lou nadinga umsia hotel ichichiangin Singpi hotel (Tea stall), An hotel (food hotel) leh Giehna hotel (Lodging) a umhi. Utleh piching tah leh lientah a bawl a utleh aneu deu a bawl thei ahi hi. Tambangte hi lekhasiem nasep neiloute bawl theilamtah ah ziehin lekhasiem solkal nasep muzouloute ading a bawl ding a kilawm leh hoi mama ahi hi.

Hotel chi tuomtuomte hi sumpi tam senglou a bulpat thei ahia, eima a buai ikisah sengleh mi lawneia zah maiding ahi hi. Business leh silkhat poupou bawldingin ngaituana zaha eima kipei phot angai hi. Tambang business neu leh gin huailou nasan bawl nachang theilou leh peilou a I um uhi setan in zong talawm lawm ang chi mai thei hi.

3. Magazine and News papers: Magazine leh news paperte hi lekhasiam nasep neilou te bawlthei pen leh ne hawlna hoitah ahi a, Magerine leh news paper te hi ei Zou ham a um nailou leh koimah bawl nailou ahizia in nehawlna leh kitoudelna khawm ching ahi hi. Hun peisa ah I Zopukam akibawl Magagine leh News paper te hi tunitan a peitou sua khatbhe aum sia hun sawtlou kibawlin aban bawlzawm theilou in ading tawp zel a, tambang a adintawp zel zia hi ei Zou sunga customer/ subscriber umlou zia hilou in abawl te kichuplou zia leh Financial management siamlou zia ahizaw hi. Etsahnan: News paper/Magagine ibawl leh a news item leh material te hi atulai leh a latest thei bangpen a bawl sawm ding ahi a, Adia in Magagine bawl ding ten Article collection siam a mite thei ut leh sim utding lam te atamthei bang pen asua ding ahihi.

4. Daily News Papers: Daily news papers hi gam leh nam khangtou nading a thu kizahtuona leh ki thuhil nading a(Print media) poimaw pen ahi a, ei Zou ten daily news papers I neilou zieh un I khangtou nading nasatahin adal hi. News paper bawl hi summuna hoitah ahiban ah News paper bawldingin lekhasiam angaih ziain I zou lekhasiam nasep neiloute bawl ding a hoitah leh kilomtah ahi hi.

News Papers Bawldan ding: Silbawl dingte alawdan leh hoidan thei nanleizawng abulpatdan leh apeidan Itheilou leh alawching theisihi. News papers bawl utten amasa pena printers (Machine/ Computer Printer) te kihoupi a, alemchiang a news collectorste houpi kitding ahi hi. Tuachiaa material ding munading alemtan chianga bulpat ding ahi. Daily News paper leh Magazine bawldan akibanga khat I bawl khiat theileh ani a bawlkawp hi silhasa ahinon sihi.

( Nasep leh sil bawl kigen khat pou pou awlsam tah a bawl lawching thei a umsia, adia in ei Manipur ah bang kim a nehawlna hasa ahizia in I bawlpen chintuigu kang zena bawl angai hi. I nasepna a hasatna tampi koipou in kitua a hia, tua I hasatna I solve nading atheitawp sua a ingpang khu, I lawchin zaw chianga anopna leh kipana hing petu ahi hi. Tua hilou a mite getteng lau a bangma bawl lou a I umzing uhi khangtou theilou na ahi hi).

5. Lekhasiem nasep neilou te gam leh nam a ding a poimaw na:

I gam a lekhasiam nasep neiloute hi gam leh nam ading a mipoimaw tah ahithei uhi. Nasep leh bawl neilou a um maimai uhi gam leh nam khangtouna dalte ahidan uh kitheia tha leh zung itlou a na angsep tah tah chieng un lekhasiemlou a silbawlte sangin nasatahin akhangtou un ma asawnthei uhi. Tuachia na angsep tahtah chiengun ama uh ki toudel chauh hilouin anuoi ua nasep a kilaw (wages) mi bangzat ekhat angkoi ua, tuachin midang nasep neiloute adingin nasep muna anghi ban uah gam leh nam economic nasatah in a dawmkang thei uhi. Tuaziain igam leh nam khangtou nadingin zougamin, lekhasiem na sep neiloute nasem dingleh abawl theilam uh bawlpai dingin a ngala mama hi.

Lekhasiem nasep neilou business bawl ut a sumpi (Capital) nei louten khut nasepa sumpi hawl maiding ahi. Etsahnan: Business bawl nadingin sumpi bangzat ekhatnei angai a, sumpi neilou ziaa maw um maimai hi sil hitheilou ahiziehin sumpi munading ahoi atunga Aa leh Voh khawite kumni kumthum sunga sum tampi lalut theina ahiziehin Plan hoitaha bawla kumni kum thum vel AA/VOH khawi a kipei vet vuta hunkhop imuchianga utleh tawpsan a itui na lam a kipatkia maiding ahi.

Ei Zouten summet bawl dandinga hoitahtah genlei zong sumpi ding ineilou ziehun bangma louin a beizel, Tualeh silbawl ding Iget chienga lienta leh pichingsa te bawlbanga bulpat isawm ziehun Ineisa in a chitsih hi. Bangma neisa neiloute ihizia un neunoukhat a bulpat a awlawla pichin tou zeldan ikizil ding uh ahi.

TUPNA, KUKALNA LEH PLAN BAWLSIAM NGAI HI:

TUPNA kichi hi silkhat ingaitua/ deihuai /uthuai isah khat ineithei nading a izawtna, idelna ahia, Tupna in gasua hoitah anei chi thei a eiman kung/tung a ahing tung nading a ngaituana leh thasen itlou a ivabawl paupauna khu KUKALNA akichi a, I siltup te lawchin nading a ahun leh te ingaitua a almpi ding leh abawl dan ding a I hisap te hi PLAN aki chikia hi. TUPNA, KUKALNA leh PLAN hi lawchinna ding apoimaw te ahihi.

Ei Zoute ikhangtou theilouna pen uh khat ahileh Isumpi neilou uh thu tuom hitaleh mitaima leh tupna nei a nasem itam zia uh ahia, nasep nei te zong neukhat ang kining ching deu uh leh kitha leh lungkim kisah na tawh masawn sawm aki tamlou ziate nasepna leh hinkhua a nehawl nalam a tupna leh plan bawl isiam lou zia te uh ahi tangpi hi. Taimatna, tupna nei a plan bawl siam hi lawchinna bulpi ahichi thudih umsa ahi a, lawchin nading in Short cut a um sihi.

Mikhat in dam sung a milawching hausat a ut leh Lekha asiam emaw siamlou emaw amatoh kitua a nasep khat anei angai a, tua anasep a halaw emaw income anei zia a ki lungkimpi a a um maimai leh bangchin ahausa in akhyangtou ngai sih ding hi. Anasep a nasawm nading lampi angai tua a asang a sangzaw tupna anei leh law chin hun aum zel hi.

Tangval/khangtha(kum 15-40) kikal khat in siemna leh nasep neilou a um hi zumhuaina a ala a nasep khat nei sawm a tupna nei a akum tawh kitua a plan abawl a nasep khat anei tei tei sawm ding ahihi. Mikhat nasepleh bawl pen neilou a a umleh akum upatlam chiangin mite ading ninhuai ahizel hi. Tuazia in khangtha lai leh thahat lai a te(Old age) hun chiang a ding ngaitua a tupna nei aplan bawl a eima kitou del nading khat nei sawm teitei ding ahi.

Etsahnan: Thangpu hi tangval kum 20 vel ahia, siemzilna bangma anei lou ziehin amaban ah lam etding aneilou ahidan kithei in ane hawl nading in Carpenter zil a ut a, azilna ding vagetpi ding aneisia hinanleh tupna anei zia in azilsa te kigawppi in siamtah in ava kitat lut thei ta hi. Tuana alut apat in tambang inj plan abawl pai hi. “Carpenter kum 5/6 sung kazilding a, kalawte hoita in ka khol ding a keima in Carpenter work shop khat ka hong ding hi chi in tupna leh lung neitah in asem a tuachin kum 5/6 vel sung in anasepna a vanzah/khutlai(tools) lei nading akinei ta hi. Tuachin Carpenter workshop ahong apat in anuai ah mibang zat ekhat in azil a kum sawt akivei masang manager a um in ama thagim na panglou in nehawlna hoitah anei thei hi. Thangpu lawchin napen a tupna leh plan bawl siam zia ahihi.

(2). Mangpu pen singtang a teng in a genthei mama a, Ni khat hichi in ang kingaitua kheta hi. Singtanga tenga genthei tah leh hasatah a hin a, tate phalbi khawvawt dou nading nei zoulou leh ne lehta khamkhawp ne zoulou a hinzing sang in Ka singtanglou ma ka zauh ding a “Ka si leh nasem a si kahi mai dinga, kadam leh khatvei damman ah kiningching/hausa tahin ka hing ding hi” chi in Plan hoi tah bawlin asingtang louhaw ah pan latha in kumdang sanga lian zaw in alou a vat a, kumdang a bulei a bawl pen Sumsuothei haichi (cash crop)alei in ang bawl ta hi.

Tuachiin pan angla a zingkal nitah genlou leh guozu daikai genlou in angpang hi. Gim kisah hun leh genthei kisah hun anei zel a hinanleh a haichite amu chiang in thanopna tha ang nei zel hi. A innlam ah Aa tampi khoi in, azi atate zong um awlsah manlou leh guolleh pai te toh zong kigop leh kimawl manlou khop in a bawlding uh apia hi. A neding aki tasap chieng in a zi a Aa khawite zua ding in a sawl zel hi. Tuachia anasep leh a buai ga kumkhatna ah akilang sengsih a, hinanleh kumkhat kham ding leh aval neukhat anei hi. A kumni na ah zong a kumkhatna bang in a buoi nalai a hinanleh nehleta ah azia umdeu ahizieh in, alou ma azauh (asang alianzaw a bawl)kia hi. A khawmiten du-am leh mani kisugenthei a chi zel ua, hinanleh lungke lou in a nui maimai zel hi. A louma lientah ahiban ah a machauh a zouzou nawnlou ahizieh in mitha(Wages) ala a, tuachin kumtawp ah sum bangzat ekhat ang neita hi. Tuachia bawltou zel in kum li kum nga lah a bawlna ah ama thatoh sem nawnlou in tha ala a, khosung mihahsa leh genthei tahtah te a lou ah kilawsah in a khosung ua mitampi te ading in kilawna hoitah, ane muna uh leh mi tampite kingahna ang hi thei ta hi.

Mangpu’n alou bawl ban ah a Ah khawite a gingtat sang in ana pung in a Ah khawite apat in sum tampi a mube nalai hi. Mangpu in tuabangin lungsim leh tupna ana neisih leh singtang mizawng leh genthei khat ahizing nalai ding hi.

Tam atung a etsahnate bang a tupna leh plan bawl te ding in singtang gam apat hausatna theina tampi a um a, Kumchin nasem a tha gimdan leh thasen dan kibang chiat lah a lungsim ngaituana zangsiam leh taimapa a dingkhie/hausa (survive) a, A lungsim leh theina/tha/taimatna zang utlou pa kumkhua in zawng leh genthei in a um zing hi.

ZOUGAM LEH BUSINESS (SUMDAWNNA)

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Business hi mihingkhat in ane mu na ding a silkhat a buaipi pen leh akingah na pen hi business ahi. Tua asil buaipipen khu summu nading a midang sil ama sepkhiatsa emaw midang sil siamkhat alaw(Profit) nei a azua khiet khu business aki chi hi. Eimiten business ichi chiangin dawr kai leh dawr bawl lam I kawsah deu ua, Dawrkai hi mi nautang nehhawlnapen ahizieh in adih natan a um hi. Dawrkai hi thagum zanglou a toumun a nehhawlna leh summu namun hoitah ana hi a, mite deiding sil zuohna leh mi ten asil poimaw te uh a leina mun ahizia in dawrkaia nehawl hi nehawlna hoipen ahihi.

KHANTOU NADING A BUSINESS POIMAW NATE

Business hi tulai khovel khangtou nading a poimawpen khat ahia, Business umlou in khangtouna a um thei sihi. Mihing hinkhua leh khovel khantou nading a business poimawna te anuai a bangin amu thei hi.

Business bawlten sum muna hoitah aneizia un ahindan uh a chang kang in a adeidei uh silhoi leh mantam te anei thei uhi. Business bawlten nichin a sum hing lut ahizia in sumza leh ne leh ta lam ah aki ning ching uhi. Business bawlte zia in nasep leh kilaw nading tuamtuam mihasa leh mizong ten anei thei pha ua tuachin mizong leh gentheiten nehawlna hoitah anei thei uhi.

Business bawl a mipiten sum ang nei chiang un nam mel ang kiheng zel hi. Tuachin gam leh nam angkhantou in miten zaana (Respect) angpia ua, isilbawl leh nasep ah ma akisawm zel hi. Business bawl dingin lekhasiam hi duthusam hinanleh lekhasiamlou te ading a bawl hasatna umsenglou sih a, Lekhasiam lou leh mizawng khat adding a nei leh lam a gualphana, dingkhiatna leh hausatna lampi um sun ahihi.

Ei Zou ten atangpi in solkal nasep khang kilena leh nopsatna bang a ngai in ha del a del in, solkal nasep neiphalou tampi ten kinepna neilou bang in, nadang sep sawmlou leh sil dang dang bawl sawmlou in damsung a hausat kinepna neilou in hinkhua anop thei bang pen azah sawm in mimaw um in I umzel uhi. Tambang a lekhasiamlou zia leh solkal nasep kineppi phalou zia a I maw um uhi ngaidan dihlou leh mimal leh nam bang a kithu hilna iza tamlou zia uh ahihi. Khovel ah laisiam a solkalnasep chau hi nehawlna leh nopsatna ahisia, Laisiam lou amihausa leh minopsa igam ah mu ding mi tampi a um hi.

Thupil khat in “Hausat na ut leh business bawl inla an ngawl lou na utleh sawrkal na sem in” ana chi hi. Tulai in Solkal nasep hi hoi in dei huai nanleh mitampite ading in kineppi pha ding ahilou ban ah solkal nasep nei nading in lamsau zui angai ban ah sum leh pai tampi seng angai zel hi. Laisimna lam a tuisenglou leh sum neilou ten Business lam a habawl a bawl in lawchin sawmzaw lei sawlkal nasemte sang in nasatah in ma akisawm in aki hausa zaw thei hi.

Business bawl hi I sil zuoh a zilin kum ni kum thum a hausat khiat theina ahia, I gam a business I chite hi dawrkai a hi mai a, Business leh dawrkai ding in lekhasiam leh zilsang sese angaisia, eima taimatna leh guntu natawh ipan leh sangpi tun theina ahihi. Business hoina khat ahileh nichin a sum hinglut ahizia in poimaw tuamtuam awlsam tah in akilei thei a, tuachia nichin a sum hing lut pen ina khawl siam a, Zu leh sa tawh iten lou leh tomlou kal a hausatna ahihi.

British ten khawvel a nitumlouna gam (Land of the sun never set) aluo thei napen uh ahileh a businessman te zieh ahi. British (Sapte) te hi mitaima te ahi ua, a gam ua khut a silsiem a pat khawl (Machine) a silsiemdan ang mukhiet (Discover) un, a agam un a poimaw zat sang a tam (surplus) sil ang siemkhie ua, tuate gamdanga zua in migam apat sum tampipi a lalut uhi. Tuachiin a migam apat a sum lalut te uapat a gam solkal ah tax tampi a sunglut thei ua, agam solkal in galvan siamna zang in khovel nitumlouna gam aluothei uhi. British mipiten dawrkai leh business hoi dan anathei a mi nautangte dawrbawl a khovel munchin a ana umzia un Franch emperior Nepolian Bonaparte in British te hi ‘Dawrnga/dawrkai nam’ (Nation of shop keeper) ana chi hial hi.

Nam bang Business leh dawrkai ahoidan ettawn ding a imupha uh unau Luseite/Mizoram ahi a, Mizoram khantou na leh ettawn dinga hoi mama khat ahileh Agam ua Kol leh Vai dawrkai aum sah lou uh ahi a, Kol leh Vai dawrkai a chiang in a umna gam ua sum te akhut uah alut bei zel a agam mite aki khangtou thei sihi. Mizoram ahy kol leh vai dawr kai aq umsia, agam ua dawr lianteng hi mizoten anga ua, tuachin mizoram sum kolgam lam alut loua agam sung ma ah akivei(Circle) chiang in mi9 nautang te adding in nehawlna leh nasep na in ma a sawn mama hi.

Ei Zou te itenna khopi sung uh Lamka khopi sung a dawrkai/ dawrnga khut zungtang hia/hip a simtham zong aki umlou hi nambang a ikhantou theilou na uh khat ahihi. Nambang a I khanlou nading un I gam ua Business mun za a sawmthum( 25-30%) vel ilua/inei uh angai hi.

ZOU TE LEH BUSINESS:

Ei Zou sung ah business a bawla lawching leh hausa getding aki um naisia, Lamka khopi sung ah dawr um teng lah ah ei Zou Dawr simding hilei khutzung hip asimthei nalai khop in aki tawm hi. Dawr bawl ding a kipan khat leh ni aki um zel a,hinanleh sawt bawl zoulou in aki dintawp zel hi. Tambang a igam sung ua sumdawngt/dawrkai itawm zia un mimal leh nam bangin ikhangtou thei sih uhi. Business tuamtuam leh dawrkai itam theilou zia uh hiding a gingtat huaite ahile:

Busines bawl ut tampi ten kipatna ding sumpi(Capital) ineilou uh ahi tangpi hi.
Business a ettawn thei ding khawp a lawching ana ki umlou zia a bulpan ngamlou akitam hi. .
Hamkam siamlou leh midang maingaplou zia a dawr bawl ngamlou akitam zia .
Business bawl a dawr a touzing pailou zia.
Mite mai de zoulou a batmang ding lau zia.
Business hi hausatna naipen ahidan itheilou zia uh.
I gam sung ua zin leh leng(Strengers) banga kingaina lungsim inei zia.
Business hi kibuh gamna bang a ingai zia uh.

Tam atung a business ibawl nading a hasa isah te uhi sil hasa tahtah a um sia anuai abang in a chingfel/suhfel(solve)thei ahihi.

1. Business hi mite lawchinna mu apat kipat sese ding ahisia eima innsung dinmun leh nahawlna hoi pen ahi chia zia a bawlding ahihi.

2. Business bawl ding in hamkam siamtam a I costomer te hamzah bangbang zang thei lei ahoi mama a, hinanleh tuabang a customerte hambang a hambei thei koima a um sia,Eima ham a kamdam lah a isilzua te ahinabang a iget thei pouleh ahun mai hi. Adia in Lamka khopi ah eima ham chiat kizahna a eima ham zah zumpi ding ahisihi.

3. Customer kichite hi adei uh hing en a adei uh leh lei a,adeilou uhleh leilou a peikitte ahizia un ana maiza seng nading bangma aum sia, angdawh bang uh I na sang theia, aman zat ihil theileh ahun mai hi. Customer te kung a smiling face pia thei hi dawrngate ding a khutlai khat ahia, hinanleh smiling neilou zia a dawrkai theilou leh huphul nading a um tuan sihi. Smiling face miteng in neilou ahizia in customerte ina lungtha khumlou a houpi ngai a ihoupi a hun mai hi.

4. Dawr nga hi dawr a umzing ding ahi a, customerte hgi hinglut a adei uh amu chiang ua peikit te ahizia in leh anglut hunding kopiman theilou ahizia in dawr a ana touzing a silbang buaipi lou hamham ding ahihi. Inehawlna pen leh ikingahna pen ahizia in I Dawrkaia hamham ding ahi.

5. Mimaingal lou leh mizumtheite adding a mimai de hi sil hasa khat ahi a, hinanleh Business ine hawlna leh I kingah napen ahizia in kihangsansah angai a, Mibatsa a idawr atawp sang in ba pia lou a I peitouzel ahoi zaw chi thei a ba apialou ding ichite bangchibang in ngen in gen siam nanleh NO chi mai ding ahi.

6. I Business hi I ankuang leh I hinna pen ahiban ah hausatna lampi inei sun ahizia in lungsim ngaitua natengteng pia a theitawp apan ding ahia, I etkawl siam a ipichinpi leh mihampha, mivangnei ihimai ding a, ingaisah lou a iki thatda chiang in awlawl in eiman aki netum a tuachiang in kibuh gam na asua zel hi. Khovel a mi tampi business hi khankhiatna leh hausatna a anei ua ahoidan namanlou khawp a ahet lai ua ei ten kibuh gamna bang a ingai uhi a bawldan isiamlou zia uh ahiai, ibawlpailou zia uh ahia, ahilou leh midangten abawl a ahausatpi ding I thangsiat zia uh ahi maithei hi.

Bangteng hileh lekhasim lam a lawching zoulou ten business lam a lawchin sawm in lekhasiamte sang aneizawsawmna lung sim tawh panglei hausatna hoipen ahimai ding hi.

7. Mizawng leh genthei te adding a dinkhiatna leh hausatna lampi umsun ahileh business ahi a, hinanleh business bulpatna ding a poimaw pen SUMPI/CAPITAL ahia, Business a kipatna ding a sumpi hi minautang buaina zong ahihi. Business bawl ut a Sumpi neilou ten sumpi nei nading in nasep a sumpi hawl angai a, nasep a sumpi hawl hi lamsau leh kinep huailou na tan a um zia in mitampi ten hinkhua a hausat leh nopna nei /mu pha lou in a mualliam zel uhi.

Igam a sumpi hawlna ding a hoipen leh lamnai pen ahi leh Aa leh Vohkhawi a kipat ahihi. Singtang Aa leh Voh kum thum kumli lah khawi a tuachia sumpi ding inei chiang a business a kipat ding ahi.

Business hi mimal, nam leh gam khangtou nading ahoi ten ahi a, Business ah line tuamtuam um ahi zia in eimiten line khat chau enlou in mipitamzaw te dei leh poimaw lam en siam in business bawl in tu in kipan lei itu ita ten business bawldan ang siamtou zel ding ua tuachin khantouna liantah ahing um pai ding hi.

ZOUGAM ECONOMIC KHANTOU NADING PANLA DINGTE

- T. K. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

Gam leh nam khat khantou nading in mipite pankhawm apoimaw masa pen a, Mipite lah a pankhawmna, kithumanna leh ki kaihuaina a umlou chiang in gam leh nam aki khangtou thei sihi. Gam/nam khat sung a mipil misiam um ten khantou nadinga mimal leh nam banga mala nading a hoi a atheite uh thu leh la taw hang tangkou pi ua, tuami banga lamaki leh vaisai kichi ten mipite ang mapui chiang un gam leh nam ang khangkhie zel hi.

Ei Zou tate gam leh nam bang a I khangtou nading ua imala dan ding te uh ahile:

1. HATTUAM:

I Zou sung a hattuam te hi hagau lam a mipi lamkai leh mapuite ahi ua, Pastor ten mipite kung ah Pasian hutdamna thu leh Alungsiatna thugen in mipi Hagau gilkial dangta te a Pasian thutawh a chawm uhi. Tuachin mipi ten Pasian kung a kithoina bangin thawlawm leh sawm a khat kipia a, tuate hattuam in khawl in Pastor te law apie zel hi. Mipiten thawlawm leh sawm akhat apia hoi leh hattuam nasem ten hoitah in halaw ala thei ua, mipiten thawlawm leh sawm akhat akipia hoilou chiang in hattuam nasem ten halaw mu theilou in a um zel uhi.
Tuachin mipiten thawlawm leh sawm akhat pia hi hawttuam kitoudel na ahidanthei in Hattuam mitten thawlawm leh sawm akhat petam ding in mipite kung ah atangkou zel hi. Hinanleh mipite sawm akhat leh thawlawm athaw tam nading in mipiten sum lalutna anei hoi uh angai hi. Hattuam lamkaiten mipiten a tamtheibang pen in sawm akhat leh thawlawm kithaw leh adei dan uh ahia, mipi ten zong aki thaw ut a hinanleh sum thaw tam nading mipiten nasep lam a masawna akineilou zia in akithaw tam theisihi.Tuazia in Hattuam lamkaiten igam leh mipite dinmun leh nehawlna te thei siam a, mipite dinmun siamtha nalam a mala danding ngaipoimaw khat a anei uh angai hi.

Hattuam hi gam leh nam dinmun siamtha leh khantou na ding a poimaw pen te lah akhat ahi ua, inam sung a pawl hatpen leh nasemthei pen, mipi ngai poimaw pen leh mipite adding a kalsuan pen hi hattuam ahi a, Hattuam hi hagau lam buaipi leh hagau dinmun siamtha leh hagau mangthangte hundam ding akal suante ahi ua, hinanleh Mihingte hi tahsa asiam leh khovel tah ihizia un tahsa dinmun hi ningkhin thei ahisia, mitampi ten tahsah gilvana ne leh ta a ahasat seng chiang un Pasian zong angaisah lou thei hi. Tualeh Pasian thei a Pasian akingahte hi Pasian in agualzawlna simsenglou in avua hi chi ithei chiat ua, hinanleh nasemlou hi Pasian in zong adeisia, Bible in Naseplou in nezong neda hen achi a, tuazia in Hagau hutdamna thu chasuh tangkoupi lou in khovel hinkhua a Pasian theite kiningchin leh nopsah dan thute leh hattuam mitten tuabang tuanglam gualzawlna amu thei nading lampi ngaitua amala hi Pasian nasepna hoitah ahiding zong agingtat huai hi.

Mipiten hawttuam a thawlawm leh sawm akhat pia tam thei nading ua Hattuam in devolopemnt programme hoitah khat apeipi angai hi. Tuami programme adding a budget apat sum lakh 2/1 vel koikhie ta leh hattuam ki manage na abuaipha ding agingtat huai sihi. Hattuam khat in kum khat ah Pastor bialkhat sunga Aa leh Voh khawi theiding mi/innkuan genthei leh hasa deute bangzat ekhat en(Select) in, tuamite Aa leh Voh khawi a a kitou del nading un innkuan khat ah Rs.1000/- apat 2000/-kikal hawm khie taleh sum Rs. Lakh khat inzong singtang leh khopi sunga Khua/veng tampi a huapzou ding hi. Hattuam malana ahizia in koiman adihlou/azah nading banglou in azang ngam sihding hi. Tambanga hattuam in mipite devolope- ment programme/policy a peipi pen mi zawng leh gentheite ading in hattuam hi Pasian lungsiatna leh gualzawlna kilahna ahiding a, hattuam ah gualzawlna leh masawnna liantah a tung ngei ding hi. Tuachin kum 1 kum 2 zaw chiang mizawng leh genthei hasa tahtah ten taima leh thanuam tah in a Aa leh Voh khawi te ua pat in sawm akhat leh thawlawm atamthei bangpen in ahing thaw thei tading uhi. Aa leh Voh pen kumkhat leh ni chauh khawi ding ahisih ua, Kumtampi khawitou zel dingte ahizia un hattuam sum kumchin in a pungtou zel ding hi. Tuachia mipi hattuam apat a gual zawlna muten apetu Pasian leh hattuam amanghil sih ding uhi. Etsahnan: innkuan khat in Hattuam apat Aa khawi nading in Rs. 1000/- adong a, Rs.500 in Aapi 3 leh Aatal khat lei in Rs.500 dang pen Aa ann lei nading leh kiven nading in akoihoi ding hi. Hakhat hani zaw ching in Aapi 3 teng ang tui pai ding hi. Aapi khat in tui(egg) tang 15 chiat tha uhleh Aanou 45 lah anei thei ding ua, Aanou 45 teng zua ahun chiang in Aapi thum teng in 2/3 vei vel atui kia man ding hi. Aa gual 45 teng pum khat ah Rs 150 in zua ta leh Rs.6750/-lah akhawng/lalut thei ding a,Rs.6750/- apat in sawm akhat ah Rs.675 ape thei ding hi. Tuabang a kum khat a nivei bang apia thei leh kum nga sung in Rs.6750/- innsuan khat apat sawm akhat alut thei china ahihi. Innkuan 20 lah in Hattuam sum apat lawching tah a Aa akhawi a sawm akhat apia chiat uhleh Kumnga sungin hattuam ah sawm akhat Rs.135000(Lakh khat sing thum sangnga alut thei ding hi. Hattuam siltup pen a sum leh sawm akhat mu sawm zia hilou in Hattuam mipite masawn leh khantouna ahizaw ding hi. Hattuam sunga innkuan khat in kumnga sung a Aa khawi apat Rs.60750/- amu/lalut thei leh innkuam 20 in Rs.1215000/-(Lakh sawm lehni singkhat sang nga) amu/lalut thei ding a, hattuam malana zal in hattuam mi leh sa te economy Rs.1215000/- in apung ding china ahihi. Tuachia kum chin Pastor bial tuamtuam a hattuam in mipite khantou nading a kum sawm vel ma angla chiang in Hattuam hausa leh silbawl thewi tah ing nei ta ding uhi.

I Zou hattuam te ang hausat chiang un singtang a school umlou na ah school te ang phuttou zel ding a hattuam school awza/teachers ding in lekhasiam nasep neilou ten hattuam ahing bel ding ua, singtang naupang bangma lou ahinkhua zangding mitampi ten hattuam nalana zal in laisim in officer leh mithupi tahtah ahing sua thei ding a, hattuam malana zal a dingkhie leh misua ten hattuam adding in theitop ang sua tou kia ding uhi. Mipi leh hattuam in khantou na hoitah ahing nei chiang in Zou tate nam khangtou ihi mai ding uhi.

Tuazia in hattuam lamkaiten mipite economic a khantouna leh masawnna hi hattuam masawnna ahichi thei in mipite khantou nading Project/ policy hoitah in hing duangkhie uhleh Pasian gualzawlna nasatah in ahing tung paiding hi.

(Hattuam in mipite khantou nading chi in tampi vei siminier leh thugen na anei in ma anala ta ua, hinanleh tunitan a hattuam siminier nei apat kipankhie leh lawching getding a um naisie, siminier nei leh kam a get in mipite taimat na leh thanopna akaithou zou nonsihi. Azia pen igam a sum leh pai hasatna asang seng in silbawl ding a hoi kigente bulpat nading sumpi neilopu ban ah “Aliamna ma katham/kamu masang gingta sih vang” chibang in koiman sum nei sunsun senga bawl(Risk la) ngam ki umlou ban ah anabawl sa leh lawchinpi atah ettawn ding get leh muding a umlou zia ahi hi. Hattuam maladan ding a hoipen ahileh siminier chivel sangin mipiten thawlawm leh sawm akhat apia tamthei nading in TALENT project/policy hoitah hing pei thei leh adei huai a, tuami alawchin dan leh ahoidan mipi ten ang muchiang un mipite nasep ang thanuam ding ua, tuachin hattuam zal in gam leh nam ahing khangtou pai ding hi).

2. SINGTANG HAUSA TE LEH ECONOMIC:

Zou tate hi tang a tuan apat a hausa nuai a thumang tah a um leh hausa vaihawmna aning akoi azui te ana kihi a, khua sung a saman sakap a um chiang in hausa satan ding in saliang akipe hi. khosung a buaina leh thukimu theilou a um chiang in Hausa Court ah kidding in Hausa in thukhen na ananei zel a, Hausa thukhen siam leh vaihawm siamte kho mipiten akingai sang mama hi. Hausa thukhenna leh thupua na hi Supreme court in zong zana liantah ana pia hi.

Tambanga Hausa thuneina leh vaihawmna nuoia um I Zou singtang khote I et chiang in tami khua khangtou in masawn mama e chi ding a um sia, atangpi in inn tam leh bitna khua a um sie, inn 20/30 lah hi in, singtang louhaw hi inehawl napen(main occupation) uh ahi. Singtang louhaw kan sum lalutna (income) dang kineilou ahijie in I innten louten uh aniam in singtang economic a niam mama hi. Tambang a I singtang khua economic khangtou lou leh masawn theilou zia hi Hausate vaihawm siemlou zie ahiei, Hausa leh khomipite kizopna leh ki thutuana hoi um lou zieh leh Hausate’n akhuo leh tuite masawnna leh khantouna lama apuihuoi siemlou ziehuh zong ahi thei hi.

Singtang Hausate hi khosung thuneina liantah nei ahizia un singtang khua khantou nading a apoimaw bang unj gam leh nam khantou nading in mawpuana liantah zong anei uhi. Hausa khat in a khosung a vaihawm asiam a mipite ama puisiam leh akhua mipite ding mun sang in akining chiang ua, aq khua uh mi in baw in inn apung deu deu a, hausa vaihawm siamlou leh khua leh tui te kaihuai dan siamlou te amipi ten alal mang san zel uhi.

A tangpi in midang singtang khote village council a kipua hi hausa ten solkal theipi a Hausa akikan uh hausa thuneina anei seng sih ua, eite tuni tan in Hausa in khosung ah t5huneina pumlum(full power) anei nalai hi. Tambang a Hausa in thuneina thuneina liantah anei pen Hausa pu apil a thuneidan asiam le khomipite adding in khantouna liantah ahing tung thei a, Hausa thunei dan siamlou te khua hi a pembei zel uhi. Tuazia in I Zou singtang hausa ten a mipite tung a athuneidan leh amadan uh aet tha ua, mipite lungkimna toh hunsah mailou a singtang khua kining ching leh masawn hi sawm a theitawp asua uh angai hi.

Etsahnan: Hausa khat in akhua leh tuite kung ah singtang Aa leh Voh khawi law/hoi dan houlimpi in Voh leh Aa thei thei in khawipai ding thupia henla louhou ten zong haisum(Cash crop) lam habawl dingin thupia/ngen henla, A kho pumpi in Aa leh Voh khawi lama pan la pai uleh kumni kumthum zaw chiang in innsuan chin ten gang kining ching paiding hi.Sing tang Hausa tampi ten hun peisa ah tambang a panla dan ana theisih nanleh uh tu apat kipan panla leh uh tuban kumni kum thum zaw chiang in ang gasua pai ding hi. Tuazia in Singtang Hausa ten a Hausatna khua uh khuanop leh kining ching a siam sawm zaw ding ahi.

Tualeh Singtang khua Hausa tampi ten akhua ua solkal school muding umlou a, awza/sangsia tampi ten halaw hathum dan a ala te uhi, Hausa thuneina tawh school atah umsah dan angaitua uh kul leh poimaw mama ahi. Tambang school umding a solkal in angaina a school umlou zia in naupang tampi ten laizilna muphalou in hinkhua agammang law uhi. Tuabang a tulai in central solkal in singtang lam masawnna ding in pan ala nasa mama a, Sarva Siksha Abhiyan(SSA) leh scheme tuamtuam India pumpi a solkal school a sang naupangte sun ann neding kihawmte hoitah a sui in amuding ten amu thei dinga panla hi Hausate mawpuana khat ahihi. Singtang khua school umlouna ten zong school umthei nading nading ngaitua a hattuam lam a pankhawm a school neithei dan te ngaitua ding ahihi.

Tambang a Hausa akhua leh tui te masawn nading apanla te hi akhua leh tui te ngaina chauh hilou in gam leh nam ngaina dihtah te ahizaw uhi.

NU LEH PA TE:

Nu leh pa te hi innsung leh tate enkawltu leh ne leh ta bangkim a mawpuana a liang ua kingah kinga ahi a, nu leh pa tampi te hiosel lou leh nagum semtheilou a upat lam manaw a tate nasem leh kingahna ching umlou te adding in khovel hinkhua hi agimhuai mama ding chi theisa ahia, hinanleh koima panpi tu ding neilou leh panpi thei ding a aneizaw ki umlouna a sialpi guathua a athua uh angai zel hi. Tambang dinmun a ding leh dinglou te adding in zong singtang louhaw sang in singtang a gankhawi lam a kihei dan ngaitua a theitawpsua hi apil huai zaw hi.

Etsahnan: Singtangpa kumkhat a aloupat kumkhat kham ding mu zou hamham khat in Alou masep kawm in Aa leh Voh alemtang zaw zaw atung a bang in khawi in, ama pan apoimaw dingte ngaitua in apoimaw bangbang aji atate kung ah tuami vabawl aw chi in sawl tah leh innkuan kitua ahimai ding ua, tuachin ang kining ching pai ding uhi.

Tua leh Nu ten zong tate kung a innsung hasatna zia um nading apanla dan leh masawn dan te thuhil zing a tate lungsim zaw sawm teitei ding ahia, Tate hi nu leh pa thasang dal tu te ahizia un nu leh pa ten a thuzaw siam uh angai mama hi.

3. INNSUNG A KHANGTHA / KHANGLAI TE:

Innsung a khangtha nunga tangval te innswung gentheina leh zawnna zalzou(Victims) te ahi ua, Nunga tangval hunnop leh limlai hun hinanleh genthei hasatzia a tuabang hun zangtheilou mi tampi aki um hi. Nunga tangval tampi adia in singtang lamte innsung hasat leh genthei zia a gual pawl phalou leh khompi leh gualnop ni chiang a zong mite lah a kihel ngamlou in aki um a, tuabang nunga tangval ten inn sung khantou nading a nulehpa malading a sawl a, nu lehpate malana bangkim a ki thuapi leh panpi zing ding ahi.

Etsahnan: Tangval Mangpu hi singtang teng in a genthei mama ua, sil leh ten, nei leh lam bangma neilou in anngawl dehdeh in a um hi. Nikhat Mangpu in apakung ah “Pa tambang a igenthei hi zum huai kasa mama hi, tuin kei zong tangval/paching kahita zia in ma hingla inla bangkim ah navei lamah kapangding achi hi. Tuachin apa zong thanuam in singtang louhaw aki pan pai a Singtang Aa leh Voh khawi in, zingkal leh nita leh ahun awl ah Aa leh Voh buaipi in a um awl man sihi. Tuachia kumni kumthum sung vel apata ua hapan a apang zia un kining ching tah in a um thei ta uhi.

I Zougam nunga tangval te hi gam leh nam dinmun theisiam leh nu leh pa te sang a economic poimaw dan thei siam te akihi zia in nasepdan law leh hoizaw te nulehpa te hil a thukup a mapui dingte ihi uhi. Etsahnan: Aa khawi leh Voh khawite hi sil hou leh buaina tham chinglou bang in kilang nanleh singtang a ding a Aa leh Voh khawi sang a nasep lawzaw a umlou dan theisiam a nu leh pate toh houlim in bawl pai lei innkuan kining ching aki hipai ding hi.

Nunga tangval mani innsung khantou nading a nu leh pa thuhil leh mapui thei a, innsung khangtopu thei nading a taima leh tha nuam a sep hi lungpiching khualna leh Pichinna hoipen ahihi. Nungat tangval lai apat a lungpiching kua ingtam ua innsung nasep nalam a nu leh pa te thaheng theikhop a na ing sep chiang un, Innsung in nasatah in ma angsawn ding hi. khangtha innsung nasep dan theite hi kinkho man siam leh nu leh pa leh khotang in akipapi in aki ngaisang mama hi. Tambang a nunga tangval ten nuleh pa innsung khantou leh changkan nading a thukup leh ahoulimpi ua, taima tah a na asep uh gam leh gam khantou nading in apoimaw mama hi.

ZOUGAM leh GAN KHAWINA

- T. L. Lama, Aizawl, Mizoram

AA KHAWI (POULTRY):

Aa(Chiken) hi khawvel mihingte saneh laha kidupen leh a tui pen ahi a, khawvel mihingte gankhawi (Domestic animal) tampen zong ahiding agingtat huai hi. khawvel munchin ah singtang kho neu pen apat khopi thupite tan in Aa aki mu in Aasa akine hi. Tambang a mihingte sadupen Aasa ahizieh in apoimawna (demand) asang mama a, Aa khawi tampi ten a khangkhiatpi uhi.

Aa khawi hi nehawlna hoitah leh mitampiten a hausatpi uh ahi a. Khawpisung leh singtang ah Aa khawi hi summuna hoitah ahi chi thei in sawlkal inzong mipi te makhualna pen in ana nei in Aa khawite sum leh pai a panpi nan loan apezing hi. Atangpi in khopisung a Aa khawiten broiler (Farm) Aa akikhawi tangpi a, Broiler Aa tehi hathum sunga piching ahizieh in summuna hoitah leh lawhtah ana hi hi. Ei Zou sungah broiler Aa khoi aki umlou seng sia, Broiler Aa khawi ding in sum nei masat leh taimat angai mama hi. Ei Zou te sumnei lou kitamzaw leh asum neideu ten buaipi pailou uh ahi zia in Broiler Aa khawi ahi tam sihi. Singtang A ate ahi leh buaipi tham chin kikhawilou in eima nekhawm deing Singtang inn sua chin ah aki khawi chiat a, I Zou? Singtang Aate hi bangchibang a khawi ne leh tam u n aching e chi anuai a banh in zil chian vai.

AA LEH ZOU TATE KIZOPNA:

Aa khawihi ei Zouten ipu ipa ua pata I gankhawi tampen uh ana hia, Aa in I nam tawndan(Culture) ah mun poimaw tah a lua hi. Kristian akihi masang apat in Aasa hi isadu pen uhleh igan ngaisat pen uh ahizia in singtang innsuan chin in Aa akikhawi chiat leulou hi. Damloute Aakang a anakithoi in, hiang leh san kikawm chiang in Aa ana kigou zel in, Tu leh ta kikawmte Aa kitha in, pute tuten ang kawm chiang un Aanou ana kipuosah zel hi. Ipu ipa ten Aa hi itna kilah sahna leh mathe/maipha suina in ana kizang a, Singtanga Aa hau leh Aa khawi theite hi hampha leh vangnei na in ana kingai hi.

SINGTANG AAH KHAWIDAN:

Singtanga I Aa khawite uhi Zou(local) Aa hi in eima nehding leh hahsatni damlou hi-taanni chianga zuoh dingin ana kikhawi tangpi hi. Singtang khuo innchin a Aa khawilou ki umlou in, azawng pen in zong pini pithum anaki khawi in Aa khawi loute mithase leh mivangsie khat bang in anaki ngai hi. Aa khawi hi sangtang leh khopi sung a gankhawi noppen, awlsam leh gim huailou pen ahi a, zingkal chiengin aagil/abu apat sua/ha khie in anpaah/antang neukhat the/pie akipia a, sun nitum in an thai in nitah chiengin agiil lam ahing zuan ua, a lutkim chiang un a kot ava kikhah mai hi.

AAH KHAWI SINGTANG HAUSATNA AHI:

Ei Zou tate ipu ipa khang apat singtang louhou a nehawl in gimtah a nasem in ne ihawl ua, nitangsa leh guapi huipi thua in kum tungtawn in loulam zuan a kuan in kumkhat nekhawp lah imu hamham zel uhi. Tuabang gim leh thatawl a inasep pen uhi khovel mihingte nehawldan gimhuaipen leh mawl/changkanglou pen ana a, ei ten tunitan a hengkhiat sawmlou a lou ihaw nalai uhi iluingsim uh kiheng loudasn leh tulai khovel imupha loud an uh kilahna khat ahihi. Tuazia in singtang a um hileizong nehawlna hoizaw changkangzaw leh lawzaw gim huailou zaw ingaitua uh angai hi.

I singtang gam a nehawlna hoimama tha leh zung sengna umlou, guapi huipi leh nitangsa dou ngailou a innzaang a sum tampi muna leh kum 4/5 a hausat khiat theina ipu ipa khang apa I sumkul a Gou manpha kiphum gu khat a um a, Tuami khu bangma dang hilou in isingtang Aa khawi te uh ana hihi.

Aa hi khawvel mihingte saneh lah a tuipen leh kidu pen michin nethei pen leh mu awlsam pen ahi hi. Khopi sung ah mite sane pen ahizia in aman atam in demand zong a sang mama a, Aa khawi leh Aa zua te ahausa un aki ningching thei mama uhi. Igam ah singtanga I Aa khawite uhi Kg. khat ah Rs.90-100/- lah in akilei tangpi a, Aa pumkhat 1.1/2kg.-2.1/2 kg kikal velin agih(weigh) thei hi. Aa pumkhat 2.kg. laha I zua theileh Rs. 180-200/- lah aki khong/mu thei a, pum 10 zua thei talei Rs.1800/-2000/-(Sangkhat zagiat leh sangni)lah aki mu theipai hi. Singtang Aa pum 100/-lah khawi in pumkhat kg.2 a gihin zua talei Rs, 18000/-20000/- amu/lahlut thei ding hi. Kumkhat ah Aapum 300 lah zua khie thei talei Rs.54000/-60000/-lah amu theiding hi. Kumkhat sunga sum Rs.54000/-60000/- mukhiat theina nasep ding I singtang gam ah avang mama ding hi. Singtangpa khat in Kumkhat a Aapum 300 a zua khiat thei leh ahakhat law(salary) Rs.4500/- achingpha hi. Hakhat a Rs.4500/-law thei hi solkal nasem khat halaw tawh akibang china ahi a, Singtang Aa khawi in chitahtah in thapi/sitha tawh pang lei hakhat a Rs. 10000/- val amu thei nalai hi.

Tambang a I sumkul a GOU manpha kiphumgu chi ina theilou zia un singtang louhou in doupi nisa leh huipi guapi thua in genthei tah in ina um ua, tu in GOU manpha kiph gu umna thei in alaih khiat hasatlou dan ithei ta uhi. Tuami Gou manpha kiphum laih khie hat hat ahausa masa ahi zia in Zou tate Gou kiphum gu laikhie ding a ikipat pai uhi apil huaipen hi.

AAH KHAWI ZOUGAM ECONOMIC KHANTOUNA:

Aa khawi hi mimal khantou leh hausatna hoipen ahiban ah I Gam leh Nam khantou nading a hoipen leh noppen ahihi. Aa pumkhat (1.1/2 - 2kg)hi Rs.180/--200/-velin zuoh in kumkhat ah Aapum 300 lah zuohtalei Rs. 54000/-Rs.60000/-(Singnga sangli leh singgup) kikal a amu/lalut theiding hi. I Zou khua khat ah inn 20 in Aa khawi in, innkhat in kumkhat sungin Aa man ah sum Rs.54000/-60000/- lalut taleh, kumkhat sunga tuami khua inn 20 te Aa khawi zia in akhua economy(Sum lalut/income) Rs.648000/-- 720000/- in a khangtou ding hi. Zoukhuo sawmni ah inn 20 in Aa khawi chiat taleh Kumkhat ah Rs.12960000/- - 14400000/- (Crore sawmlehni lakh kua leh sing gup apat Crore sawm lehli leh lakh sawmli) in Zougam economy akhangtou ding hi. Singtangpa khatin Aa khawi chauh abuoipi a kumkhat sunga Rs.54000/-60000/-man Aa zuakhie theileh tuapa halaw (Monthly salary) Rs.4500-5000/- atung/chingpha thei hi. Singtang nasep a mikhat in hakhat a Rs.4500-5000/-kikal alawthei nading dang a umsihi. Singtang getlou khopi sung ah zong khut nasep apat hakhat a Rs.4500-5000 kikal law khiat nading avang mama hi. (Atung aAa khawi apat summu dan ding tehi atangpi a bawlthei ding a sut ahia, Aa khawitute taimat leh kipiazaw dan a zil in asang a tamzaw leh tawmzaw thei ahihi

AAH KHAWI A KIPAT DAN DING:

Aa hi I singtam gam a pianglah amantam pen leh nehawlna hoipen ahi ahia, isangtang nahawlna lou nasep gimhuai leh thatawl huaitah pen nasep nop leh thagimna leh thatawlna umlou a sum leh pai tampi neitheina a heng khiat nadingin singtang Aa khawi ahihi. Singtang Aa khawia hausat dan ding ahileh:

Amasa pen a Aapi eima lemtang dan a zil alei mai ding ahi. Etsahnan: Aapi nileh thum a bulpat phawt ding ahia, Aapi khat leh ni lei nading neilou leh muzou talawmlou aki umding agingtat huaisia, aki umkha taleh zong beidawng louleh kinawlou a tambanga bulpat mai ding ahi. Amasapen a Aa noukhat khawi piching photding ahia, (Singtang ah anou khat mu/nei nadingpen silhahsa ahisia, suma leiding ahileh zong sawmni lah man ahigiap dinghi) I Aa nou khawi pen ang pichinga tui athah chienga aatamthei bangpena anou keusah ding ahi. I singtang Aa tehi atangpiin tang10-20vel atuithei hi. Anouteng hoitaha piching leh Aa gual 10-15 lah akinei thei ding hi. Tuate lah a Aa gual 10 vel tui thahsah kia in Aapi khatin tui tang 10 chiat keuh taleh Aanou 110 nei aki ding hi. Aanou 100 teng ang piching chiangin Aapi pumkhat Rs.150/- 180/-man in Aa pum 70 vel zua thei talei sum Rs. 10500/-Rs.12600/-(aletleh neudana zilin) amu/lahlut theiding hi. Rs. 10000/- (singkhat) lah sum ing nei chiang in I Aa khawi nading a poimaw te akilei thei ta ding hi. Adang 30/40 vel tuisah kia talei Aanou 300/ 400lah aneikia thei nalai hi. I singtang Aa tehi kumkhat ah 2/3 vei vel atui man a, Aapi khat apat kumkhat sungin Aa 200/300 lahvel aneithei hi. Tuachia Aa nou 300/400 lah ahing let a I zua khiat chiang in kining ching tah in ikhawsa/hing thei ta ding hi.

I Singtang A ate hi Hagup(6 month) apat Kum khat sungin atui(Lay egg) man a, Khatvei a tui atha zou leh hathum zaw chiang in atuikia pai hi. Kumni sung in Api khat apat Aa 300/500 kikal in apung (Khatbe zualou leh nelou a ikhawi leh) man hi. Tua ahileh Aa khawi a nehawl sawm tahtah ten Aapi tuitha paithei ding 10(sawm) in bul pan leh kumni sung in 2000-5000 tan in apung thei ding hi. Aanou khat ann ipia hoipou leh kumkhat sung in Kg.1 ½ - 2 ½ (Kg. khat leh akim apat kg. nileh akim) tan in agih thei a, kg 1 Rs. 100 hi taleh Rs. 250/- in azua thei ding ahi.

AA KHAWI DAN DING:

Singtang innchin ah Aa kikhawi chiat leh pini pithum neisa ngen leh tampi khawisa te zong kium ahiman in, tuabanga Aa khawisa te adingin bangma buai huaina, lungkhampi leh hasatna ding a um sihi. Aa khawisa leh ana neisa ten asang a tamzaw neibe nading a khawipung ding ahi mai hi.

Aa hi I gankhawi lah pungbai pen ahizia in 300/400 neina dingin hunsawt angai sia, Aa 300/400 khawihi buaipi tham ching leh bawl tahtaha bawl a ngai tading hi. Tuachia Aa ing hauh chiang un I huan sung leh inn gei lah a lemtan na mun a Aa khawi nading ft20-100 kimvel(sq.ft).(Aa ineitam dan a zil a lien) daikaih (Silen hitheileh duthusam ahihi) maiding ahihi. Aate lenkhum theilou dingkhawpa sang a daikaih a,ahilouleh atung zong silen kai khum/khu a tuami sunga I Aa khawite ha/sua maiding ahi hi. Aa 300/400 lah khawi dingin Aa an neding antang leh vaimin pia thei thei pieh a, I Aa khawite athaua agih ding ideileh broiler Aa thauna an leh athau theinading a ithei te pia maiding ahi hi. ( Aa khawidan T.V. akamu na ah Silen(goat proof/steel net) ft. 6/7 vel asang ft. 40 sq. vel alian in a im ua, atung zong silen neudeu in akai ua, tuami sung ah Aanou te ka nading innneu alam kia in, atui thate tui awp nading asang deu ah bawl in Aa 200/300 vel akhawi uhi).

Aa khawi sa leh ana khawi ngailou a alawdan thei a Aakhawi akipat ut te theiding a poimaw penkhat ahileh sum nei in Aa khawi nading silen lei in Aa khawi masang in adai idei bang a lian a bawl/kai masa in tuanah Aapi 20/30 lah tawh kipan pai theilei duthusam ahia, tuabang a ikipat thei leh kum khat sung in sum tampi aki mu/lalut man ding hi. Hinanleh leh eite sum neisa/Capital neilou akipan dingten I phatan leh inei khawm khawm (Atawm/atam) tawh kipat phot a, awl awl a masawn touzel a ineizaw chiang a alian leh pichingzaw a bawltou zelding a lungsim sian/lemguat a, kinawlou leh ngala lou a bulpat phawt ding ahi.

Etsahnan: A tung a bang kigente bang a Aa khawi hoi nasah a Aapi 3 leh 4 vel abulpata, hoitah a ang tui ua anou angkeuh chiangin Aanou 40/50 lah vel ing nei ding hi. Tuateng ang pichin chiang a atuitha ding 10(Eima deizatzat)vel khen a, adang 20-30 lah vel zua khe lei sum 4000/5000/-la akinei thei ding hi. Sum 4000/5000/- toh adai kaih nading silen lei a deibang a dai kai ding ahi. Tuachia Ha 2/3 (2/3 months) chiang in zua ding ahing um kit ding a, tuate zua kia in isum mu te tawh ipoimaw te lei kia talei aban poimaw ding aum seng nonsihi. Tuachin kum khat/ni sung in Aa khawi nading a poimaw teng anei thei paiding a, adangte zua kit chiang in sumpi ngailou in alep(Profit) ngen ang hi tading hi.

Tambang a sil neunou khat abulpat a awl awl a masawn a hing law ching tou a kining tah a um hi hinkhua nopna limna leh kipana ahia, mitten zong angaisang un akipa pi mama uhi. Mani ki toudel a milaw chingte kipana hi mihausa leh Sum hau sa te lawchin na sang in akipana leh alimna uh degree napi tah in asang zaw hi.

Singtang Aa te hi khumlou a huanning daikawm a haina leh gan hing te ane zia ua thau leh khangthei ahi a, khum ding ahisih hi chi koipou in ngai dan akinei chiat hi.Hinanleh ei te Aa khawi dan hi Summu sawmna tahtah tawh kikhawi hilou in, buaipi ngaiseng lou, amang/pul in atha leh si-al guta in amat chiang a zong hehna(lost) um senglou. Itna leh lungsim natna umlou nading a tam khawi ngamlou a tawm nounou kikhawi ahizia in ann zong aki hoipia sia,zingkal a anntang/ annpa neukhat ipia kan kipe nonlou in banteng ganhing leh louhing te ne a agil va nading akihawl u ahizia a tuabang ngaidan inei det uh ahihi. Singtang Aate hi summuna leh nehawlna ding a tampi ing khawi chiang in Guta leh si-al te gumang lou nading akhum a ann/ ane ding hoitah ipiathei pou leh akhang theilou leh athau theilou nading a um tuan sih uhi. Tuazia in Singtang a khum hoilou chite hi Aa khawipailou leh soisel nading hawlte suanlam khat maimai ahihi.

Singtang Aa khawi ut te thei ding apoimaw ahileh Aa ing hau chiang a huangsung khat akhum hoina te ahileh:
Singtang Aate huangsung khat a khum a ann ihoipia chiang in akhangin athau thei zaw uhi.
Singtang Aate a huangsung a khum hi guta leh si-al, pull eh natna tuamtuam kaisawn thei lah apat ahim (save) zaw uhi.

Singtang Aate hi munchin gamchin thai a ann hawl tea hi ua, a hiselna uh toh kitualou khat ava nekha chiang un damlou leh natna kikaisawn in asi phengphung thei uhi. A huangsung a kikhumte pen tuabang natna lah apat abit/him zaw uhi.

Tulai Aa natna Bird-flu kichi te hi Gam Aa leh Vasate apat ahing um ahi a. Huangsung khat a ki khumte hi tambang natna te lah apat ahim/ abit ua, Aa kikhumte sa ne hi ahimpen ahi.

Aa ahuang sung a hoitah a kikhum te hi azua hun chiang in zong amat leh abuaipi anop tuam mama hi.
Singtang Aa khawi a kipan ut ten kipat tungin khum thei sih nanlei akhumna ding ngai poimaw masat pen a nei ding a alemtang masa pen a akhumna ding bawl akhum ding ahihi.

AA-PUUL:

Puul hi gankhawiten I laupen uhleh I thanopna uh dal pen ahi a, Mitampi ten Aapuul/Ganpuul tun ding lau zia in gan khawi ngamlou in aki um a, mitampi ten ganpuul zia in gankhawi hi nehawlna chinglou leh lau huai(Risky) bang angai in gankhawi sang a nadang sep a hasa tah a hin a ut zaw uhi. Puul ilau zia ua gan ikhawi gamlou uh zong adih natan a um a, Singtang a nehawl tawm leh Sum leh pai neilou akitam zia in gan tampi khawi a puul in angtha sah bei ding hi chan/tanna liantah(Great lost) ahizia in Puul hi alau huai mawng khat ahihi. Aapuul hi gan doctor te doh a damdawi toh hoitah a I etkawl leh puul a shi ding te aven thei hi.

Atangpi in Aapuul tahtah atung ngai seng sia, eiten puul in atha ichite uhi puul tahtah hilou in damlouna/natna kikaisawn zia ahizaw hi. Aate hi natna veithei leh kikai sawn baite hi in, Ann neng leh silkidah huai tahtah na ahi ua, etsahnan, mihing sungkhaw/eekhaw tee e leh gan damlou ee te hi Aa ten a hua/ ahiselna uhtoh kitualou ahi a, tuabangte ava nekha chiang un adamlou in, khat damlouna khu tampi in kaisawn in asi zel ua uhi. Tuazia in tuabang ntana leh oul danna akailou nading ua damdawi tawh etkawl zing angai hi. Aa khawi hi central solkalin singtang economy devolopement policy khat a ana nei zia in district leh Block chin ah gan doctor a um chiat a, Singtang khua khat a Aa khawi in 10 lah ki um chi Vetenary Doctor ten ang thei chiang un eite sang in ang tha nuam zaw ding ua, solkal apat panpi na tuamtuam umthei te ang ngaitua pi pai ding uhi.

GUTA LEH SI-AL:

Aa khawite adingin guta leh Si-al hi ahuot huoiin anin huoi mama a, guta leh si-al lauzia in mitampi ten Aa khawi itawp san/ithasiet law ahilou leh khawi tam ngamlou tampi aki um hi. Aa khawi dan ding leh ahoi/alawna igetchiang a igetzaw masang a sanna/dawnna a imu uh Guta, Si-al/Sanga gumang ding leh pul tun ding launa thu ahi tangpi hi. Tambang guta,si-al/sangate hi iven leh buaipi ding pen ahizia laupen leh lungkham pi tham aching sihi.

Guta I chite hi vengsung khawsung mi damdawi khanthei bawl leh zudawn te ahi tangpi ua, tuabang a guta I theite khawsung vengsung authority/committe a report mai ding ahi. Khopum a Aa khawi a pan ingla tahtah chiang in Associationte nei in guta leh migilou lah akiven nading dan ang kibawl touzel ding hi. Si-al hi dai hoitaha ikaileh a venthei hi. Guta leh si-al in I gan khawi khat leh ni ang gu mangsah ding lauzia a gankhawi dintawp ahilou leh Gan khawi a kipan ngamlou te hi milungsim sie, asep khietsa khat lehni midang ten gilva na anei ding thangsie te ahizaw uhi. Mi lungsim hoi ten atheitawp sua avenge ua amang aum nalai chiang in khannan, mamnan ananei heh aw, chi a gualzawlna kamteng aha khie vua, tuachin gualzawlna amu zaw uhi. Aa khawi a ikipat khiat vanglah leh Guta leh Si-al gumang joulou khawpa tam akhawi sawmding ahi a, tuabang a Aa khawi theite hi gualzawlna khat ahi hi.

AA NATNA(BIRDS FLU):

Birt flu kichi hi Aa leh Vasate natna chikhat ahi a, Khovel a natna kikaisawn thei Aa leh Vas ate sa ne apat mihingte tung a natna kikaisawn thei ahihi. A tangpi in Bird flu hi khovel a Vasa Europe leh Asia gam a khawlum leh khovawt zui a ahawnhawn a kituan leh pem te natna ahi a, Atangpi in tuabang Vas ate hi tuipi leh luilian gei a ganhingte ne a hing, gam changlah a koima kaplouna leh solkal in a humbit gam lah a um te ahi a, Tuabang natna (Birds flu) akimu chiang in akimuna apat Km 5 sung a Aaleh Vasa lam him him aki that bei zel hi. Tuabang a munkhat a Bird Flu kimu zia a Aa kithatte hi solksl in Compansa tion apezel hi.

Ei singtang gam lah tuabang Vasate muzong kimu ngailou ahizia in lau leh Aa khawi lou nading ahisia, Vangsiat thu a I gam a tuabang natna Bird Flu akimu a I gan khawi teng tha angai leh zong solkal in panpina ahing pe ding hi. Tuazia in singtang Aa khawi hi sil lau huailou pen leh nasep gimna umlou pen ahiban ah sing apat a khopi sung sum lalut thei napen khat ahizia in Zou taten saingtang Aa khawi lam ilungsim uh heithei in kipan pai thei lei eima innsung hasatna tuamtuam tea pat iki ningching thei uhi.

TANGVAL THAUTAWI TE/ SINGNUAIMI TE:

I gam a Aa khawi leh gan khawi ding get chiang a, ihau uhleh suanlam hoi mama khat ahileh tulai tangval thau tawi te/ sing nuai mi tea hi a, sing nuai mi ten ang get leh a thawn a angla sah ding uh lau na zia a kikhawi lou bang in akigen tangpi hi. Sing nuai mi thautawi ten I Aa khawite khat leh ni ang mat sah ding uh lau zia a ikhawi ngamlou uhi silpei dan ithei tawm zia uh ahihi. Tulai in thautawi leh tawilou in koima sil athawn in a gum lasah ngai sia, lahlaw sil thu akhat leh ni angnget uhleh hehna leh isiatlaw nading ahilouleh itlou a ipia mai hi ahoi pen a, tuachia khatvei nivei ipia chiang in ama uh zong kipa in ang nget kitding akisuangla in ang maw nget ngam nonsih ding uhi.

Tualeh atangpi in thautawite hi kumtawp ah emaw kumkhat in tax bang in khatvei hi chu pia angai himhim a, tulai igam siatna in a kentel/igam pei dankhat ahita hi. Thautawi chivang a mimal silneisa tung a danlou tah in agamta thei sih ua, tuabang a gamta aum leh khosung authority leh alamkaite uh kung tut maiding ahihi. Tuazia singtang a Aa khawi ding ten thautawite hi hinglau lou in thautawi, guta, si-al leh puul in amat bei zolou khop atam khawi sawm zaw lei koipou in ang kipapi zaw ding hi.

Silbawl nasep leh nehawlna bangkim a hasatna leh buaina neuneu khat leh ni umlou theilou ahi a, tua hasatna leh buaina te maitua leh chingfel/sufel/beisah(Problem solve) nading in imi hina uh leh I hangsan nate uh isua uh angai hi. Tambanga eima bawl theite bawl dinga theitawp isuana uhi lawchinna hingpe tu leh lawchin nopna leh kipana ineina uh (Necter) ahihi. Tulai khovel hi ahat leh abawl theipa hinkhiatna (Survival of the fittest) na ahi a, mitten a um um sepa ne mu nading ahipou leh bawl a si leh man laulou khawp a nehawlna gam ahita zia in eima hinkhiat nading ngaitua a I theina tengtawh I pan uh ahun ta hi.

AA KHAWISUNG A BANG NEDING E:

Aa khawisung a bang e kane ding chihi dohna atam mama a, Singtang a Aa khawi a kipat zia a nasep dang leh ine hawlna taisan/tawpsan paiding china ahi sia, Aa khawi in inasep pangai sep nading adal sihi. Singtang nesep pen agim huailai in gimhuai nanleh singtang a hunawl tampi kinei ahizia in abulpatna a hunawl zah kanatna bang a khawi khawt ding ahihi. Aa khawi dingten Aabu bawl leh daikaih te hi zingkal hundang a bawl thei ahihi. Aa neisa/khawisa ten Aabu/Aagil neukhat belap/ kelet ding ahimai hi. kum khat sung lah ing khawi chiangin ang hawnching panding a, apiching/zuathei te ing zua khiat chiang in sum ahing lut paiding hi. Aa man a isum mute hi eima ne ban ah Aa an leh poimaw tuamtuam te leina a zah phawt ding ahi.. Tuachia Aa tampi ing khawi a nehawlna leh kitoudel chinga ithei a nasep dang semlou in zong ne mu tavang e chi chianga lou nasep tawpsan pan ding ahi. Tuazia in Singtang Aa khawi zia a ne leh ta hasat nading a um sia, a poimaw pen chu singtang Aa khawi te kanatpi sawmna lungsim nei a kum ni kum khum plan bawl ding ahihi.

AA ZUANA(MARKET) DING:

Silkhat poupou bawlding chiengin azuohna(Market) ding thei masat angai hi. I gam ua Aa khawi ten I Aa zuadan uh ahileh singtang Aa hi khopi sunga zuohdinga gari apat I kum chiengun Aa zuoh(meitei pangal) ten hingna lasahin a ut zatzat in angna leisah ua, ama un man tampipi a zua in sum tampipi alaw(Profit) uhi. Hoitah a ingaitua chiengin Aa khawi leh buoipi teng eiten I buoipinua un alawna (Profit)mu chu midang ahi zelhi. Aa khawi abul ipat chiang un bakhat sung/tawmkhat sung meitei pangal te kung a vazua zel phawt angai ding a, Mipiten ahoidan thei a Aa ing khawi tahtah chiangin tuabang maimai a bawlthei ahi nawnsih ding a, apia nading rate leh azuohna ding rate theisa a kg. a te chitchet ding ahi. Tualeh mitampi in Aa ing khawi chiengun aman, azuohna leh alahna (whole sales) dan huilangdan angki heng zelding hi. Bazar a toupi a zuasawn zawng eimi ma inghi dinga, tuachin I singtang nasepgate alawna midang in mu/la louin eimiten akimu zelding hi.

I gam(Manipur) sung a Aa khawi/zuasen lou khawpa tam ing nading un kum 10/20 lam ahing kivei man ding hi. Manipur a Aa man niam isah uh leh Mizoram a thawt khiat dan ahing um zel ding hi. I gam a AA lei ding ahing tam mama chiang in Aa lei ding in gam tuamtuam apat mi ahing kuan ding ua, Tuachin ei te va buaipi ngailou in I innjaang ah ina buyaipi mai ta ding uhi. Mizoram ah I Singtang Aa te hi kg. khat ah tulai in Rs.180/- in aki lei a, azua ten Silchar leh Bagha(Assam) vel ah Kg. khat Rs.130/135 in avala tangpi ua, silchar lam apat ang pua chiang un Kg. 1=Rs.150 lah in apia uhi.

Tuabang ah Zou mipiten Aa khawi lam a tuina/thanopna tahtah ing nei ua, Singtang khua chin Aa a ing khawi chiang un Aa mul bohna khawl (Dressing machine) te ahing umtou zel dinga Amul bohsa leh siamsa a koina ding cold storage leh refrigerator te ahing um tou ding a khovel gam tuamtuam athawt khiat a gamdang sum tampi igam a lalut nading lampi ahing umtou zel ding hi.

Bangteng hileh I singtang innsuan chin in i Aa khawiten I Aa khawi te uh apung thei nading ngai tua in atam thei bangpen in khawi pung sawm phawt lei abawldan ding ahing umtou in itheitou zel ding uhi. Apoimaw pen chu Aa khawi ding a abulpat a kinawlou leh khawl lou apei a masawn touzel ding a lungsim siam fel masat ding ahi. Aa tuazat tuachin ka khawi ding a tua hun/kum chiang ka inn kalam tha ding/tuami kalei ding hi, tuami ka poimaw kabawl ding hi chi a lungsim a tupna/plan bawl hi lawchina pulpu ahi a, mikhenkhat in sil ibawl masang a duthusam isaan seng chiang leh sil saupi I ngaitua seng chian in “Khau sauseng akikai awh ut” kichi khu ahing tung zel hi.

AA KHAWI HOINATE:

1. Singtang gam a ine hawlna te lah ah Kg.1.a Rs.90/-100/- kikal a zua thei umsun Aa ahi a, Haichi dang dang singtang lou a kum tungtawn a nisa leh guazu nuai a I buaipi te uh Kg.1 ah Rs.5-15 kikal man leh kumkhat a khatvei kila(Reap) ahi giap hi. I singtang Aa te zong kum khat a piching thou ahizia in Singtang lou bawl a ithasen zat leh igim thua zat, I lungsim leh ngaituana izah/sen zat Aa khawina in seng talei alet tampi in akilaw zaw ding hi. Etsahnan: Singtang louhoupa khat in kumkhat ah haichi Rs. 15(Atam thei bang pen a sut in) a zuathei Quntal 10(1000 kg) la thei taleh a khumkhat nasep ga Rs.15000/-(Singkhat sangnga) a ching giap hi.

Amapan Singtang Aa khawi in Kumkhat a Aa quntal 10 (1000kg) kg1. ah Rs.90 in zuakhia thei taleh akumkhat nasep ga Rs.90000/-(singkua) aching hi. Singtang a haichi lei bawl alouhou pa kumkhat nasepga leh Aa khawipa nasepga (15000-90000=75000) Rs. 75000/- in akikhie hi. Singtang louhoupa sangin Aa khawipa Kumkhat nasepga Rs. 75000 in atamzaw hi. Kumchin in Aa khawi in Aa quntal 10 lah zua khia thei talei kumnga sungin sum Rs. 4.5 lakh ala lut thei ding hi.

2. Singtang lou a haichilei bawl hi hunbi(season) nei ahi a, kumkhat a khatvei aga aki aat/la giap a, kumkhat nasepga zat mukit nading in akumkit angai hi. Aa khawipen ahunbi(Season) neilou a ikhawi apat hagup sungin apiching man a, hagup zaw apat ibuaipi pai tan tan aga/alawna akimutou theizing hi. Aa pen khat vei atui atha leh hakhat hani zaw chiang in atui kia thei a, kumkhat sung in 3/4 vei atui man hi. Etsahnan: Aapi 5(nga) atuitha/achi ding in khawi talei,kumkhat sung in 3vei chiat tangsawm in tuitaleh zong Aanou 150 akinei man hi.

3. Aa khawi hi nasep lah a thagimna umlou pen leh nop pen ahi a, Aa khawi pen a bu/khawina ding khat vei hoitah a I bawl leh kum tampi akisen thei a, Singtang louhoute banga doupi nisa leh huipi guapi thua leh kum chin louvat, Mangkhaw, aham nivei thumvei haw ding a um nonsihi.

5. Singtang lou nasem ten guatui kiat hoilou kum leh kumsiat kum chiang in akumkhat nasep uh athawn/bangma lou in abeithei a, akumkit nasep hun anga uh angai zel hi. Kumsiat kum a ane ding uh a um leh zong akumkit nasep hunsung a ane ding uh phou tamsen la in akumkit chiang anasepga uh muding/tan ding neilou in um thei uhi.

Aa khawi te lau pen Aapul tunding ahi a, Aapul pen gingtat leh lau bang in a tung ngai seng sia, vangsiat thu a Aapul atun leh zong Aa teng asi bei sih a, Adam sun tetoh hasalou tah in bul aki pan kia thei hi. Tualeh Aa pul pen I Aa khawite damdawi toh hoitah a I etkawl leh pul lah apat aven thei hi.

6. Singtang lou nasep ten dam lou hitan a sum leh pai poimawna khat anei chiang un sum neisa aneilou uh leh a lou nasepman apat piading in leiba ala ua, natna lian/lauhuai(serious) deu nei the adingin lou nasepga apat ki etkawl dam nading sum mu ahasa mama hi. Tuabang vangsiat thu a natna nei khyate adding in kumkhua azawnna ahi thei hi.

Aa khawiten damlou hitan atua chiang un apoimaw dan in akin akin in a Aa khawite va zua in apoimaw bang uh sum anei thei uhi. Natna lauhuai deu vangsiatthu neikhate adding in Aa khawi tam lam a panla in sum muna anopzaw mama ding hi.

7. Louhaw leh gankhawi hi singtang economic khantou nading a hoi pen ahizia in India government in nasah tah in singtangmi te changkan na ding in panpina leh scheme tuamtuam ana bawl a, hinanleh eigam a singtang louhaw dan hi solkal apat panpina mu thei natham a lian a umsia, singtang louhaw apat solkal panpi na muding aki huai sihi.

Aa khawi eaten ina theikha ngailou vang un gamdang(State dang) a Aa khawi ten solkal apat panpina loan leh subsidy tuamtuam mu in singtang mi tampi ten ana dingkhiat /hausat pi uhi.

8. Singtang louhou nasema nehawlding in mi damthei, hisel leh thahat te ding in nemuna leh kining chinna ahi a, mi hisel seng lou leh thachau lam te adding in singtang lou nasep apat kining china agamla mama hi.

Aa khawi a nehawl nading in mi hilsel, damthei, thahat leh taima te ding in ahoisem a, hinanleh mihisel lou leh zawngkhalte ading in nehawlna hoi leh hausatna lampi umsun ahihi. Tuabang a mi hisel leh damthei a singtang nasep leh nasep nadang nehawlna tuamtuam thul lou a innjaang a sum tampi lalutna(Side Income) hoi mama ahizia in mitaima te adding in double inn come neina ahihi.

9. Singtangpa lekha siamna leh zilna neilou khat adingin solkal nasem khat halaw zat sanga tamzaw singtang apat sum mutheina um sun ahileh Aa khawi ahi a, tuabang sumtampi singtang louhou ten amang un zong amat pha sih uhi.
10. Singtang lou nasem a genthei leh hasa tahtah a tate school kaisah ten tate laisim thei hi ilungkimpi leh ipha tan uh ahi mai a, tate laisiam a nasep leh kham ama ua ang kikhuat khiat thei uhleh ivangphatna ahigiap hi.

Hinanleh Aa khawi a hapang apang ten tate school akaisah zou ban uah akham lei nading tan in hasatna seng umlou in sum anei thei hi. Singtang nu leh pate theiding apoimaw khat ahileh tate hi Pasian gualzawl na goumanpha ahi a, tate gualzawlna dihtah ahina ding in officer khat ahi emaw halaw nei khat ahi angai a, tuabang goumanpha dihtah ahithei nading in nu leh pa ten akham lei nading sum ana hawl siam angai hi.

Etsahnan: Nu leh pa ten tate solkal kham neiding ahilouleh sipai lut ding a deiten tulai kham himhim siamna ban ah sum a lei angaidan thei angai a, tate kham lei nading sum mu theina umsun Aa khawi ahidan thei a Aa atamthei bangpen akhawi ding ahi.

Singtang Aa khawi hi singtang economic khantou nading a hoimama leh mizawng leh genthei tahtahte ading a kidawp kangna hoipen leh umsun ahidan theiin sawisel nading leh suanlam ding hawllou in ineibang bangtoh abul panin bawl pai thei lei alawna mu masa akihi mai ding hi. Tambang a khantou nading leh masawn theina sil kigente hi midang bawl dinga koiding ahisia, eima mimal/innsung khantou leh kining ching nading a kigen ahi chi thei singtang innkuan chinte kipat paithei lei adei huai mama hi.

BROILER AA:

Broiler Aa hi summu nading(Commercial) ding mawngmawng leh khawvel miten Aasa kiningchingtah a amuthei nadinga misiem ten a siemkhiet uh ahi. Khawpi sunga hotel leh mundang a I Aasa nehte uhi broiler sa ngen ahia, boiler Aa hi local Aa te sangin a khangin a lien zaw a, hakhat achin apat asa neching in hathum sung in Kg 4 lah aching man hi. Asa zong min bai in atuidan zong danglam senglou ahizia in a demand asang in a commercial mama hi. Broiler Aa khawi hi summuna hoitah ahi a, khopi sung ah demand asang mama hi.

(a). BROILER AH KHAWIDAN:

Broiler Aa hi igensa bangin hathum sunga pichingman ahizieh in a khawidan zong adang deu hi. Broiler hi anou a lei a bawm sunga khum ding ahi a, huilang leh khawvawt ngamlou/zoulou ahizieh in a umna uh a lum thei nadinga electrict sa (heat) bangtan ekhat pieh angai hi. Kalkhat kal ni vel angching chienga a tuom a koia ann leh tui hapieh a pieh maiding ahi. Broiler Aa pen ann leh tui ane tam pouleh khang ahi ziehin ann leh tui tawh kining chingtah a khawi angai hi.Broiler Aa khawi hi nehawlna leh kitoudelna ching ahi a, a khawi ut ten tam anuai abang a kipat ding ahihi.

A khatveina a Broiler Aa nou hunkhop khat (10-100) kikal eima lemtang dana zila la ding ahi a, tuateng kalkhat kalnivel sung electrict sa toh etkawl ding ahi. Tuazaw chiang a koikhiet/ suonkhiat a, anou dang hunkhop lahkia zel a, apiching lamte zuoh khiet a Aa ann ding leina a zah tou zelding ahi hi. Tuachia hanga hagup lah vel ing bawl chiang in a lawna ang kilang khie ngal hi. Silkhat (sundawnna lam himhim) bawl ding ten I thei ding a poimaw khat ahi leh sumlut leh pot (Income leh expenditure) hoitaha gelkhiat gige (account maintenance) angai hi.

Broiler Aa khawi hi local Aa khawi sang in taimat angai in sum nei angai hi. Broiler Aa tehi ann ne a anesate ee a thakia a nezel a digest nadinga tui dawnzing tea hi a, tuachia ann leh tui tasam lou akoi zinga gilkial manlou a ikoi zia in a khang bai in apiching bai hi. tualeh a ee (dung) atambai in anamsie ut mama a, khawpi sunga Broiler Aa khawi tehi Aa ee gimnam ziain invengte tawh kimu siamlou theina ahi zia in a ee hep siang gige angai hi. Broiler Aate hi gannatna leh puulin a man ut mama a, tuaban ah sinlian natna anei ut mama uhi. Tuabang natna akailou nadingin gan damdawi pia tawh etkawl zing angai hi.

Broiler Aate hi hathum a Kg.3/4 lah chingthei pai in a zua thei pai hi. A khawi hun sawt lou dungzui in a ann man ah sum tampi a lut in buaipi zing angai ngai mama a, Broiler Aa 300/400 lah khawi nading in mun lian apoimaw in taimat a mama angai hi. Mithasie leh sum neilou te ding in lawchin leh hausatpi aha sa mama hi.

VOH KHAWI (PIGGERY):

Voh khawihi nehhawlna ching leh bawl tahtaha bawlte dinga hausatna ching ahi a, Adia in mizawng leh genthei lam te adding a kidop kangna leh nehawlna hoi tah ahihi. Voh khawite panpi nading in solkal in loan apia zel a, hinanleh Voh khawi lou a loan la akitam zia in Bank lamte zong a khaudeu ta uhi. Hinanleh atah a gan khawi a nehawl te adding in Loan hi bang chilai pou in ala thei gige hi.

Ei Zouten atangpi in Voh khat leh ni khawi aki um a, hinanleh nehawl na leh hausatna tham ching akhawi aki um sihi. Singtang lam ten atangpi in singtang voh aki khawi a, singtang voh te hi aneu in azua alaw sih hi. Khopi sung a Voh khawi ten Sai Voh akikhawi a Sai Voh te hi alian in aman zong atam a, Akhawizong anop zaw hi. Eimi Voh khawi ten a ann ding sum seng a kilei lou in insah inhangte an neng aki lakhawm hi. Voh khawiten izuah chiangun Rs.8000/- 9000/- akikhong thei a, Voh nou kila/lei kit in bul akipan tha zel hi. I gam a Voh khawite hi atangpi in innsung a nupi ten abuaipen ua, Pasal/papi ten akigal et in akhen in Vohbu ding ava bawlpi giap uhi. Innsung a nu pen in a innsung mawpuana ban ah buai sa sa a Voh khawi in azua hun chiang in innsung poimawte leina ban ah ne leh tah ah akana mama a,Adia in ne leh ta hawltawm leh nasep mumal neilou te adding in hasatna na nasa tah in adawn zangkhai zel hi. Ei te Voh khawi dan hi abuaipi teng nupi ten buaipi in azua chiangin Pa ten bangkim ah thuneina teng atang zel uhi. Voh zua chiang in alaw dan leh akanat dan Pa ten a theisiam pen uhi ua, hinanleh tampi ten “Voh khawi tambang a law ahileh, Hoi e kei innsung a papen hing kipan vang e” chi a kipan a theitawp sua apang getding aki um nai sihi. Mitampi ten Voh khoi in innsung poimaw T.V, Fridge leh sil dangdang kum chin in aneithei uhi. Tambang a kum chin a Rs. 8000/9000 lah ing lalut chiang in innsung khosah leh hinkho Mandan zong ahing nop tou zelding hi. Atangpi in ei Zou te Voh khawi ten khat leh ni kan aki khawi lou zia in alawna leh ahoidan I thei pha si uhi.

Voh khawi hi mizawngte ading in kiningchinna leh khangtouna ahi a, mi hausa te ading in hausat kibelapna hoi mama ahihi. I Gam ah Vohpi khat Rs.8000/- - 9000/- (Sang giat sangkua)lah aki khawng/zua thei a, Tua ahileh khatvei khawi in Vohnou 10 khawi in apiching chiang in zua talei Rs.80000/ -90000/-(Singgiat leh singkua) lah akhawh thei ding hi. Solkal nasep neilou leh nasep mumal neilou te adding in hausatna hoimama ahihi.

VOH KHAWI DANDING:

Ei Zou nasep leh nehawlna det neilou a kilaw tawm leh nehawl tawm te adding in Voh khawi hi nahawlna hoitah ahiban ah hausatna ching ahi hi. Nupa in tuam tuungpan leh innsung piching nailou khat adding in Voh khawi a bulpat ahoipen hi. Vohnou khat leh ni hi ji ten a enkawl zou tangpi ua, tua ahileh pasal ten nehawl nalam buaipi in ji ten Voh nou khat ana buaipi in kum khat aching chiang in zua tah leh Rs.8000/9000 kikal lah a kikhawng/mu thei ding hi. Vohnou ni khawi kit in Pasalten hun awl kal ah buaipi in va etpi zel leh hasatna umsenglou in kumkhat sung in Vohpi ni anei ding hi. Tuchin Vohpi nilah ah khat nou neisah in khat pen zua tah leh Rs.8000/ 9000 anei ban ah Vohpi noukai anei nalai ding hi. A Vohpi in anou sawm lah nei in tuateng lah anou neiding in Vohnou 5 lah khawi in adangte azua kia thei nalai hi. Tua Voh leh anou nga teng khawi piching sawm in nupa in theitawp in pang uhleh hoitah in a enkawl zou ding hi. Vohpi khat leh anou 5 teng in nou ang nei kit chiang un Voh nou 30/40 lah ahing ching ding hi. Vohnou 30/40 vel leh Vohpi 5/6 lahvel nupa chau a etkhawl hasa sahten mikhat Voh anhawl leh enkawl dingin guai in hakhat ah Rs. 1000/- 1500/- lah pia maiding ahihi.Naseppen leh buaipipen nei in Pasal khat ading in Vohnou 30/40 vel leh api 5/6 vel etkawl hi sil hasa ahisih ding hi. Vohnou 30/40 lah a 10 lah khen in adangteng khat ah Rs.2000/-zua talei sum Rs. 20000/30000(Singni/singthum) vel ahing lut/mu thei ding uhi. Vohpi khat in kum khat ah nou 2/3 a neiman a, Vohpi khat in nou 10 lah anei tangpi hi. Vohnou 10 khawi piching in zua talei khat ah Rs, 80000/90000/- lah akikhawng thei ding hi. Rs. 15000/-lah I migawi pa law ah bei in Rs. 15000/- Voh ann man leh sil tuamtuam ah bei taleh, Rs. 50000/60000/- lah aki tangpha nalai hi. Vohpi khat in kumkhat ah 2/3 vei nou nei man ahi zia in atung a isutna/hisap sang in sum aki lalut/mu tamzaw thei nalai hi. Kumkhat a voh khawi a Rs.50000/60000/- mupha te hakhat law hi Rs.4000-5000/- lah a tung pha hi. Voh khawitu te taimat dan azil in asang a tamzaw amu thei nalai ding hi.(atung a voh man leh alaw zat I sut te hi alawzat tomtheibang pen a hisap leh etsahna maimai ahi a, atah abawl ten a theisiam pen ding uhi).

Etsahnan: Zou khuo khat a inn 10 in Voh khawi chiat in kum khat ah innsuan khat in Rs. 50000 -70000/-lah sum ki lalut thei taleh tuami khua kum khat income Rs. 500000-70000/-(Lakh nga leh lakh sagi) kikal ahi ding hi. Zou khua 20 ah inn 10 chiat in Voh khawi in kumkhat ah Rs. 500000-700000/- chiat lalut theitaleh Zougam economy Rs.1 Crore lahin a khangtou ding hi. Kum 10 sung Zougam ah in suam chin in Voh alaw thei bang pen in khawi chiat lei Atawm pen in Zougam economy Rs. 10 crore lah in akhangtou thei ding hi.

KHOPI SUNG A VOH KHAWI DANDING:

Voh khawi hi singtang lam sang in khopi sung ah akhawi aki tam zaw a, Khopi sung a Voh khawi hi a ee anam sie in innsah innhang tetoh ki musiamlou na aum ut mama hi. Hinanleh tuachia Voh khawi ut ten a e kikhawlna ding a lei laih kua a tuami sung a luang lut sah a a uih lou nading a damdawi sungsel ding ahi.(Khopi sung a Eebu/Septic tank adimchiang in epai akilaw a um a, septic tank uihlou nading damdawi khat a um a, tua damdawite drop ni maimai in septic tank 10 sq.ft. sunga ee ui agimnam teng abei sah thei hi). Innmun leh huam nei hoi ten ataqm thei bang pen a khawi pung sawm ding ahia, Anei hoilou ten zong khat leh ni khawi sawm chiat ding ahihi. Etsahnan: Innsung a ineilou khat T.V. lei nading, Fridge Lei nading, Christmas/Phalbi nil eh puan lei nading, Naupang school admission bawl nading leh lekhabu lei nadingte hi mitampi te buaina ahi a, tuabang innsung puagih dawn zangkhaina dinga Voh khat leh ni khawi ahoi mama hi. Voh khat leh ni khawi hi innsung a Pa te nasep gimna nuten apanpi theina hoitah ahihi.

VOHNOU NE$ITAMNA (PIG A.I.)

Tulai khovel ah voh khawi hi mizong te kitodelna leh ding khiatna ding a hoi tah ahi zia in India solkal in nasa tah in ma anala in, misiamten voh chanchin hazil in ana zil uhi. Misiamte sepgimna leh solkal in mipite akhualna zal mizongten a zou phana hoitah khat ahi leh Voh pi atal pawllou a damdawi a kap a gaisah ahi hi. Tuami pen Pig A.I. akichi a, Pig A.I. kichi pen doctor siamten Vohtal chi/Bawtui(Boar cement) apat a lakhia in damdawi tawh enkawl in Voh tal pawl ngailou a Vohpi sung akaplut thei ding in a buatsai uhi. Tami Pig A.I. tawh kikap gai(Pregnant) Vohpi te hi a hisel in natna Vohtal apat akaisawn ding nasa tah a veng in anou zong apiang tamzaw hi. Doctor siam ten Vohpi atal pawl apat a gai leh Pig A.I. a akap gaite un nou anei zat kikhiatdan anuai abang in amu khia uhi.

Type of breeding …….. Vohpi gai zat………Vohnou piangzat
Vohpi gaidan ……(No of sows bred)…….(Litter size)
Pig A.I ………. 396 ………. 3190………
Atal pawl zat ……….. 236 ……….. 240………

Tam atung a table apat in Vohpi te hi atal in apawl sang in Pig A.I. dam dawi tawh akap gaite uh nasatah in apung zaw a, Vohpi 396 apat Pig A.I. damdawi tawh akap gaite Vohpi khat in nou giat neithei bang in akhai gual thei hi. Tuazia in eaten zong Voh khawi a kipan in misiamte silmu suah te kanatpi sawm in hapangf in pang lei nikhatni chiang in ikhangtou ngei ding uhi.

VOHKHAWI ETKAWL DAN:

Gan khawi te hasatna pen hi ganpul ahi a, I gan khawite pul in amat asih chiang in a it huai in apamai thei mama hi. Hinanleh gan khawi a nehawl te ading in Gan khawi te hi etkawl isiam leh pull eh natna tampi tea pat aven thei in gan khawi te adamthei in akhan ut mama uhi.

1.Voh khawi ten Voh bu siang thou sah gige angai a a ee phiat zing a tuitawh sil gige hi Voh adding chau hilou in aneitu te leh innkim te adding in anam sia seng sihi.

2. Voh ann apia hun apia leh agilva tah apia in Voh te akhangsah in athau ut mama uhi.

3. I Voh khawi te hi adam lou leh natna khat anei chiang ua, anat dan leh adamlou dan theisiam a, innsah inn hangte dawng mailou a gan Doctor te vadawh ahoi pen a, tualeh a damdawi zong bazaar a lei sang in Gan Doctor te kung a pat aimuthei te hi nasatah in ahoi zaw hi.

4. Vohbu hi buannawi leh mun tawpseng abawl lou ahoi hi. Ahithei leh sungpe / atuang bawl a a eel eh zun luang khiat thei nading abawl hi duthusam ahi. Vohpi nounei khat um nading in abu sung 6/8 ft.sq hithei leh ahoi pen hi.

5. Vohbu hi nisa in direct a sun lou in asideu leh alimdeu ah um thei leh Vohte adam thjei zaw uhi.

Gan khawi himhim hi etkawl pai angai mama a, hoitah a etkawl siamte adding inn pull eh natna dang te hi napitah in aven thei a, Tuabang a iventhei leh sumpi ngailou aamet/alawna ngen bang ahihi.

Vohkhawi hi khopi leh sing tang atengte adding a nehawlna hoi mama ahi a, khopi sung atengte sang in singta a Gari tun thei na lah a Voh khawi hi akilem mama hi. Singtang ah haina louhing atam in mun leh gam awng gan khawi te toh kitua thei ding atam mama a, Voh an ding haichi tuamtuam, Iskut, kawkai, hakai leh adang dangte hi huan ning leh loutul lah a atu thei hi. Khopi sung a Voh khawi ten Khopi sung a Vohsah poimaw(demand ) pe zoulou ahizia in singtang apat in Voh khawite adding in azuana(Market) ding ah lungkham nading aum sihi.

Voh leh Aa khawi hi ei Zou sumpi nei loute nehawlna leh hausatna ding a hoipen ahi a, Abul ipat apat a kum khat kumni sung kan nga ngailou leh tha gimpi nading umlou a ne muna hoipen ahi. Tuazia in Zou tate singtang leh khopi sung a genthei hasa tah a umten kilep nading leh suamlam ding suisui lou in kipan pai thei lei adei huai a, Tuachia kipan pai te hi aga lou masa dingte ahi zaw uhi.